Arid
DOI10.1089/ast.2016.1512
On the Habitability of Desert Varnish: A Combined Study by Micro-Raman Spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction, and Methylated Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Malherbe, C.1,2; Hutchinson, I. B.1; Ingley, R.1; Boom, A.3; Carr, A. S.3; Edwards, H.1; Vertruyen, B.4; Gilbert, B.2; Eppe, G.2
通讯作者Malherbe, C.
来源期刊ASTROBIOLOGY
ISSN1531-1074
EISSN1557-8070
出版年2017
卷号17期号:11页码:1123-1137
英文摘要

In 2020, the ESA ExoMars and NASA Mars 2020 missions will be launched to Mars to search for evidence of past and present life. In preparation for these missions, terrestrial analog samples of rock formations on Mars are studied in detail in order to optimize the scientific information that the analytical instrumentation will return. Desert varnishes are thin mineral coatings found on rocks in arid and semi-arid environments on Earth that are recognized as analog samples. During the formation of desert varnishes (which takes many hundreds of years), organic matter is incorporated, and microorganisms may also play an active role in the formation process. During this study, four complementary analytical techniques proposed for Mars missions (X-ray diffraction [XRD], Raman spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry [Py-GC-MS]) were used to interrogate samples of desert varnish and describe their capacity to sustain life under extreme scenarios. For the first time, both the geochemistry and the organic compounds associated with desert varnish are described with the use of identical sets of samples. XRD and Raman spectroscopy measurements were used to nondestructively interrogate the mineralogy of the samples. In addition, the use of Raman spectroscopy instruments enabled the detection of -carotene, a highly Raman-active biomarker. The content and the nature of the organic material in the samples were further investigated with elemental analysis and methylated Py-GC-MS, and a bacterial origin was determined to be likely. In the context of planetary exploration, we describe the habitable nature of desert varnish based on the biogeochemical composition of the samples. Possible interference of the geological substrate on the detectability of pyrolysis products is also suggested. Key Words: Desert varnishHabitabilityRaman spectroscopyPy-GC-MSXRDExoMarsPlanetary science. Astrobiology 17, 1123-1137.


英文关键词Desert varnish Habitability Raman spectroscopy Py-GC-MS XRD ExoMars Planetary science
类型Article
语种英语
国家England ; Belgium
收录类别SCI-E
WOS记录号WOS:000415133900005
WOS关键词SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER ; MARS-LIKE SOILS ; FATTY-ACIDS ; HEMATITE ; OXIDES ; CARBON ; MS ; DIFFERENTIATION ; IDENTIFICATION ; ASTROBIOLOGY
WOS类目Astronomy & Astrophysics ; Biology ; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
WOS研究方向Astronomy & Astrophysics ; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics ; Geology
资源类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/197579
作者单位1.Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester, Leics, England;
2.Univ Liege, Dept Chem, Lab Inorgan Analyt Chem, B-4000 Liege 1, Belgium;
3.Univ Leicester, Dept Geog, Leicester, Leics, England;
4.Univ Liege, Dept Chem, LCIS GREENMAT, Liege, Belgium
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GB/T 7714
Malherbe, C.,Hutchinson, I. B.,Ingley, R.,et al. On the Habitability of Desert Varnish: A Combined Study by Micro-Raman Spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction, and Methylated Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry[J],2017,17(11):1123-1137.
APA Malherbe, C..,Hutchinson, I. B..,Ingley, R..,Boom, A..,Carr, A. S..,...&Eppe, G..(2017).On the Habitability of Desert Varnish: A Combined Study by Micro-Raman Spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction, and Methylated Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry.ASTROBIOLOGY,17(11),1123-1137.
MLA Malherbe, C.,et al."On the Habitability of Desert Varnish: A Combined Study by Micro-Raman Spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction, and Methylated Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry".ASTROBIOLOGY 17.11(2017):1123-1137.
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