Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
DOI | 10.3375/043.036.0305 |
Comparison of Methods to Monitor the Distribution and Impacts of Unauthorized Travel Routes in a Border Park | |
Esque, T. C.1; Inman, R.1; Nussear, K. E.1,2; Webb, R. H.3,4; Girard, M. M.5,6; DeGayner, J.5 | |
通讯作者 | Esque, T. C. |
来源期刊 | NATURAL AREAS JOURNAL
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ISSN | 0885-8608 |
EISSN | 2162-4399 |
出版年 | 2016 |
卷号 | 36期号:3页码:248-258 |
英文摘要 | The distribution and abundance of human-caused disturbances vary greatly through space and time and are cause for concern among land stewards in natural areas of the southwestern borderlands between the USA and Mexico. Human migration and border protection along the international boundary create Unauthorized Trail and Road (UTR) networks across National Park Service lands and other natural areas. UTRs may cause soil erosion and compaction, damage to vegetation and cultural resources, and may stress wildlife or impede their movements. We quantify the density and severity of UTR disturbances in relation to soils, and compare the use of previously established targeted trail assessments (hereafter - targeted assessments) against randomly placed transects to detect trail densities at Coronado National Memorial in Arizona in 2011. While trail distributions were similar between methods, targeted assessments estimated a large portion of the park to have the lowest density category (0-5 trail encounters per/km(2)), whereas the random transects in 2011 estimated more of the park as having the higher density categories (e.g., 15-20 encounters per km(2) category). Soil vulnerability categories that were assigned, a priori, based on published soil texture and composition did not accurately predict the impact of UTRs on soil, indicating that empirical methods may be better suited for identifying severity of compaction. While the estimates of UTR encounter frequencies were greater using the random transects than the targeted assessments for a relatively short period of time, it is difficult to determine whether this difference is dependent on greater cross-border activity, differences in technique, or from confounding environmental factors. Future surveys using standardized sampling techniques would increase accuracy. |
英文关键词 | disturbance international border soil impacts US/Mexico unauthorized trails and roads |
类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | USA |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000379872500004 |
WOS关键词 | MOJAVE DESERT ; CALIFORNIA ; WILDLIFE ; USA ; RECOVERY ; SOILS |
WOS类目 | Ecology ; Forestry |
WOS研究方向 | Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Forestry |
来源机构 | University of Arizona ; United States Geological Survey |
资源类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/195151 |
作者单位 | 1.US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, 160 N Stephanie St, Henderson, NV 89074 USA; 2.Univ Nevada, Dept Geog, 1664 N Virginia St,Mailstop 154, Reno, NV 89557 USA; 3.US Geol Survey, Arizona Water Sci Ctr, 520 N Pk Ave, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA; 4.Univ Arizona, 520 N Pk Ave, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA; 5.Natl Pk Serv, Southern Arizona Off, 2120 N Cent 120, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA; 6.Coronado Natl Forest, 300 W Congress, Tucson, AZ 85701 USA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Esque, T. C.,Inman, R.,Nussear, K. E.,et al. Comparison of Methods to Monitor the Distribution and Impacts of Unauthorized Travel Routes in a Border Park[J]. University of Arizona, United States Geological Survey,2016,36(3):248-258. |
APA | Esque, T. C.,Inman, R.,Nussear, K. E.,Webb, R. H.,Girard, M. M.,&DeGayner, J..(2016).Comparison of Methods to Monitor the Distribution and Impacts of Unauthorized Travel Routes in a Border Park.NATURAL AREAS JOURNAL,36(3),248-258. |
MLA | Esque, T. C.,et al."Comparison of Methods to Monitor the Distribution and Impacts of Unauthorized Travel Routes in a Border Park".NATURAL AREAS JOURNAL 36.3(2016):248-258. |
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