Arid
DOI10.1016/j.epsl.2016.02.035
Thermal effects of impact bombardments on Noachian Mars
Abramov, Oleg1; Mojzsis, Stephen J.2,3
通讯作者Mojzsis, Stephen J.
来源期刊EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
ISSN0012-821X
EISSN1385-013X
出版年2016
卷号442页码:108-120
英文摘要

Noachian (prior to ca. 3700 Ma) terranes are the oldest and most heavily cratered landscapes on Mars, with crater densities comparable to the ancient highlands of the Moon and Mercury. Intense early cratering affected Mars by melting and fracturing its crust, draping large areas in impact ejecta, generating regional-scale hydrothermal systems, and increasing atmospheric pressure (and thereby, temperature) to periodically re-start an otherwise moribund hydrological cycle. Post primary-accretionary bombardment scenarios that shaped early Mars can be imagined in two ways: either as a simple exponential decay with an approximately 100 Myr half-life, or as a "sawtooth" timeline characterized by both faster-than-exponential decay from primary accretion and relatively lower total delivered mass. Indications are that a late bombardment spike was superposed on an otherwise broadly monotonic decline subsequent to primary accretion, of which two types are investigated: a classical "Late Heavy Bombardment" (LHB) peak of impactors centered at ca. 3900 Ma that lasted 100 Myr, and a protracted bombardment typified by a sudden increase in impactor flux at ca. 4100-4200 Ma with a correspondingly longer decay time (<= 400 Myr). Numerical models for each of the four bombardment scenarios cited above show that the martian crust mostly escaped exogenic melting from bombardment. We find that depending on the chosen scenario, other physical effects of impacts were more important than melt generation. Model output shows that between 10 and 100% of the Noachian surface was covered by impact craters and blanketed in resultant (hot) ejecta. If early Mars was generally arid and cold, impact-induced heating punctuated this surface state by intermittently destabilizing the near-subsurface cryosphere to generate regional-scale hydrothermal systems. Rather than being deleterious to the proclivity of Noachian Mars to host an emergent biosphere, this intense early impact environment instead enhanced the volume and duration of its surface/subsurface geophysical habitable zone. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.


英文关键词Mars bombardment crust impacts thermal modeling habitability
类型Article
语种英语
国家USA ; Hungary
收录类别SCI-E
WOS记录号WOS:000375348700011
WOS关键词TERRESTRIAL PLANETS ; HEAVY BOMBARDMENT ; LUNAR CATACLYSM ; MARTIAN CRUST ; SURFACE ; ORIGIN ; CRATERS ; EARTH ; MOON ; EVOLUTION
WOS类目Geochemistry & Geophysics
WOS研究方向Geochemistry & Geophysics
来源机构United States Geological Survey
资源类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/192289
作者单位1.US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, 2255 N Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA;
2.Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, CRiO, UCB 399,2200 Colorado Ave, Boulder, CO 80309 USA;
3.Hungarian Acad Sci, Res Ctr Astron & Earth Sci, Inst Geol & Geochem Res, 45 Budaorsi St, H-1112 Budapest, Hungary
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Abramov, Oleg,Mojzsis, Stephen J.. Thermal effects of impact bombardments on Noachian Mars[J]. United States Geological Survey,2016,442:108-120.
APA Abramov, Oleg,&Mojzsis, Stephen J..(2016).Thermal effects of impact bombardments on Noachian Mars.EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS,442,108-120.
MLA Abramov, Oleg,et al."Thermal effects of impact bombardments on Noachian Mars".EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS 442(2016):108-120.
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