Arid
DOI10.1016/j.cortex.2015.08.022
Recent research on Gulf War illness and other health problems in veterans of the 1991 Gulf War: Effects of toxicant exposures during deployment
White, Roberta F.1; Steele, Lea2; O’Callaghan, James P.3; Sullivan, Kimberly4; Binns, James H.5; Golomb, Beatrice A.6; Bloom, Floyd E.7; Bunker, James A.8; Crawford, Fiona9; Graves, Joel C.10; Hardie, Anthony11; Klimas, Nancy12; Knox, Marguerite13; Meggs, William J.14; Melling, Jack15; Philbert, Martin A.16; Grashow, Rachel17
通讯作者White, Roberta F.
来源期刊CORTEX
ISSN0010-9452
EISSN1973-8102
出版年2016
卷号74页码:449-475
英文摘要

Veterans of Operation Desert Storm/Desert Shield - the 1991 Gulf War (GW) - are a unique population who returned from theater with multiple health complaints and disorders. Studies in the U.S. and elsewhere have consistently concluded that approximately 25-32% of this population suffers from a disorder characterized by symptoms that vary somewhat among individuals and include fatigue, headaches, cognitive dysfunction, musculoskeletal pain, and respiratory, gastrointestinal and dermatologic complaints. Gulf War illness (GWI) is the term used to describe this disorder. In addition, brain cancer occurs at increased rates in subgroups of GW veterans, as do neuropsychological and brain imaging abnormalities.


Chemical exposures have become the focus of etiologic GWI research because nervous system symptoms are prominent and many neurotoxicants were present in theater, including organophosphates (OPs), carbamates, and other pesticides; sarin/cyclosarin nerve agents, and pyridostigmine bromide (PB) medications used as prophylaxis against chemical warfare attacks. Psychiatric etiologies have been ruled out.


This paper reviews the recent literature on the health of 1991 GW veterans, focusing particularly on the central nervous system and on effects of toxicant exposures. In addition, it emphasizes research published since 2008, following on an exhaustive review that was published in that year that summarizes the prior literature (RACGWI, 2008).


We conclude that exposure to pesticides and/or to PB are causally associated with GWI and the neurological dysfunction in GW veterans. Exposure to sarin and cyclosarin and to oil well fire emissions are also associated with neurologically based health effects, though their contribution to development of the disorder known as GWI is less clear. Gene environment interactions are likely to have contributed to development of GWI in deployed veterans. The health consequences of chemical exposures in the GW and other conflicts have been called "toxic wounds" by veterans. This type of injury requires further study and concentrated treatment research efforts that may also benefit other occupational groups with similar exposure-related illnesses. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.


英文关键词Gulf War illness Pesticide Organophosphates Sarin Cyclosarin Veterans’ health
类型Review
语种英语
国家USA ; England
收录类别SCI-E
WOS记录号WOS:000369458500045
WOS关键词POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER ; CHRONIC MULTISYMPTOM ILLNESS ; BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER ; NEURALLY-MEDIATED HYPOTENSION ; POPULATION-BASED-SAMPLE ; SELF-REPORTED SYMPTOMS ; US ARMY VETERANS ; PERSIAN-GULF ; PYRIDOSTIGMINE BROMIDE ; RISK-FACTORS
WOS类目Behavioral Sciences ; Neurosciences ; Psychology, Experimental
WOS研究方向Behavioral Sciences ; Neurosciences & Neurology ; Psychology
资源类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/192174
作者单位1.Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA USA;
2.Baylor Univ, Inst Biomed Studies, Waco, TX 76798 USA;
3.NIOSH, Mol Neurotoxicol Toxicol & Mol Biol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, MS 3014, Morgantown, WV USA;
4.Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA USA;
5.Res Advisory Comm Gulf War Vet Illnesses, Phoenix, AZ USA;
6.Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA;
7.Scripps Res Inst, Mol & Integrat Neurosci Dept, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA;
8.Natl Gulf War Resource Ctr, Topeka, KS USA;
9.Roskamp Inst, TBI Res Program, Sarasota, FL USA;
10.US Army, Crestview, FL USA;
11.Vet Common Sense, Bradenton, FL USA;
12.Nova SE Univ, Inst Neuroimmune Med, Miami, FL USA;
13.McEntire Joint Natl Guard Base, Eastover, SC USA;
14.E Carolina Univ, Sch Med, Brody Sch Med, Dept Emergency Med, 3ED311, Greenville, NC USA;
15.US Govt Accountabil Off, Salisbury, Wilts, England;
16.Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA;
17.Northeastern Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Boston, MA 02115 USA
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
White, Roberta F.,Steele, Lea,O’Callaghan, James P.,et al. Recent research on Gulf War illness and other health problems in veterans of the 1991 Gulf War: Effects of toxicant exposures during deployment[J],2016,74:449-475.
APA White, Roberta F..,Steele, Lea.,O’Callaghan, James P..,Sullivan, Kimberly.,Binns, James H..,...&Grashow, Rachel.(2016).Recent research on Gulf War illness and other health problems in veterans of the 1991 Gulf War: Effects of toxicant exposures during deployment.CORTEX,74,449-475.
MLA White, Roberta F.,et al."Recent research on Gulf War illness and other health problems in veterans of the 1991 Gulf War: Effects of toxicant exposures during deployment".CORTEX 74(2016):449-475.
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