Arid
DOI10.1016/j.aeolia.2016.09.003
Evaporative sodium salt crust development and its wind tunnel derived transport dynamics under variable climatic conditions
Nield, Joanna M.1; Neuman, Cheryl McKenna2; O’Brien, Patrick2; Bryant, Robert G.3; Wiggs, Giles F. S.4
通讯作者Nield, Joanna M.
来源期刊Aeolian Research
ISSN1875-9637
EISSN2212-1684
出版年2016
卷号23页码:51-62
英文摘要

Playas (or ephemeral lakes) can be significant sources of dust, but they are typically covered by salt crusts of variable mineralogy and these introduce uncertainty into dust emission predictions. Despite the importance of crust mineralogy to emission potential, little is known about (i) the effect of short-term changes in temperature and relative humidity on the erodibility of these crusts, and (ii) the influence of crust degradation and mineralogy on wind speed threshold for dust emission. Our understanding of systems where emission is not driven by impacts from saltators is particularly poor. This paper describes a wind tunnel study in which dust emission in the absence of saltating particles was measured for a suite of climatic conditions and salt crust types commonly found on Sua Pan, Botswana. The crusts were found to be non-emissive under climate conditions characteristic of dawn and early morning, as compared to hot and dry daytime conditions when the wind speed threshold for dust emission appears to be highly variable, depending upon salt crust physicochemistry. Significantly, sodium sulphate rich crusts were found to be more emissive than crusts formed from sodium chloride, while degraded versions of both crusts had a lower emission threshold than fresh, continuous crusts. The results from this study are in agreement with in-situ field measurements and confirm that dust emission from salt crusted surfaces can occur without saltation, although the vertical fluxes are orders of magnitude lower (similar to 10 mu g/m/s) than for aeolian systems where entrainment is driven by particle impact. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.


英文关键词Sodium sulphate (mirabilite and thenardite) Sodium chloride (halite) Aeolian dust source Playa Surface crust Wind tunnel
类型Article
语种英语
国家England ; Canada
收录类别SCI-E
WOS记录号WOS:000389159200005
WOS关键词DUST EMISSION ; CRYSTALLIZATION DAMAGE ; SEDIMENTARY PARTICLES ; SURFACE-ROUGHNESS ; MOJAVE DESERT ; PLAYA ; USA ; CALIFORNIA ; SULFATE ; LAKE
WOS类目Geography, Physical
WOS研究方向Physical Geography
来源机构University of Oxford
资源类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/191019
作者单位1.Univ Southampton, Geog & Environm, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England;
2.Trent Univ, Dept Geog, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada;
3.Univ Sheffield, Dept Geog, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England;
4.Univ Oxford, Ctr Environm, Sch Geog & Environm, Oxford OX1 3QY, England
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GB/T 7714
Nield, Joanna M.,Neuman, Cheryl McKenna,O’Brien, Patrick,et al. Evaporative sodium salt crust development and its wind tunnel derived transport dynamics under variable climatic conditions[J]. University of Oxford,2016,23:51-62.
APA Nield, Joanna M.,Neuman, Cheryl McKenna,O’Brien, Patrick,Bryant, Robert G.,&Wiggs, Giles F. S..(2016).Evaporative sodium salt crust development and its wind tunnel derived transport dynamics under variable climatic conditions.Aeolian Research,23,51-62.
MLA Nield, Joanna M.,et al."Evaporative sodium salt crust development and its wind tunnel derived transport dynamics under variable climatic conditions".Aeolian Research 23(2016):51-62.
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