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Botanical insecticides have introduced a new concept in insecticide research. In response to insect attacks, some plants can release volatile compounds that alter insect metabolism and nervous system activity. In the present study, changes in the electrical activity of chemoreceptors and alteration of the fine structure of metathoracic ganglia of desert locust were examined after acute exposure to dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), a sulfur compound released from Allium porrum. Animals were exposed to 1/4 LC50 of DMDS (0.375l/L air) and electrophysiological and electron-microscopical studies were carried out. Application of DMDS showed an increase in the activity of deterrent cells present in tarsal chemosensilla of locust. On the other hand, evident degenerative changes in the neurons, neuroglia, neuropile and synaptic vesicles were observed in the metathoracic ganglia of DMDS-treated animals. These findings revealed that pest control using DMDS might be feasible and future work is highly recommended in this respect.