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We analyzed the distribution and diversity patterns of ground dwelling spiders in the main plant associations of the protected area known as Churince, in the Cuatro Cienegas Basin, Coahuila, Mexico. Spiders were collected with pitfall ramp traps during the years 2011 and 2012. We found 29 families and 144 morpho-species. The most abundant families were Gnaphosidae, Lycosidae and S alticidae. The most common species were Gnaphosa sp. and G. hirsutipes. There were 4 new records for Mexico and 4 for the Chihuahuan Desert, including 2 possible new species of Sergiolus and Oecobius. The number of species was high in comparison when compared with other studies in the Chihuahuan and Sonoran deserts. The species abundances were fitted to the Fisher distribution. The rarefied richness was highest at sites with denser vegetation and high humidity. Dominance was high and richness low in sparsely vegetated sites. The wandering hunters were dominant in all sites, but the guild diversity was higher in sites with high plant complexity. All Rights Reserved (C) 2015 Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto de Biologia.