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A Gram-stain positive, aerobic, non-motile actinobacterium, designated DSXY973(T), was isolated from soil samples collected from Xinjiang desert using medium supplemented with resuscitation-promoting factor, and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic investigation. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that DSXY973(T) belonged to the genus Arthrobacter and was most closely related to Arthrobacter oryzae JCM 15922(T) with 97.1% similarity. The DNA G+C content was 67.6%. Cells of strain DSXY973(T) mainly contained MK-9(H-2), and the cell wall contained L-lysine as the primary diamino acid. The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C-15:0, anteiso-C-(17:0) and iso-C-15:0. Strain DSXY973(T) was positive for catalase and negative for oxidase activity. On the basis of its phylogenetic position and phenotypic properties, strain DSXY973(T) represents a novel species of the genus Arthrobacter, for which the name Arthrobacter liuii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is DSXY973(T) (=CGMCC1.12778(T)=JCM 19864(T)).