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The present study examined dust deposition on single leaves of Populus alba var. pyramidalis (Bunge) at various heights (1m, 2m, and 4m), analyzed dust particle size distribution and its contents in arid oasis city Aksu, Northwest China. The results showed that the amount of dust retained per leaf area of P. alba var. pyramidalis (Bunge) differed significantly between sites, as follows: CTA>IA>P>RA> SFA; Leaves at a height of 1 meter retain the most dust compared to other two heights, as follows: 1m > 2m > 4m; Dust particles larger than PK10 account for more than 90% of all dust particles in all sites and the dust accumulated on tree leaves is mainly of local urban origin; The variation of heavy metal concentrations in different sites is significant.