Arid
DOI10.5194/esurf-3-389-2015
Groundwater seepage landscapes from distant and local sources in experiments and on Mars
Marra, W. A.1; McLelland, S. J.2; Parsons, D. R.2; Murphy, B. J.2; Hauber, E.3; Kleinhans, M. G.1
通讯作者Marra, W. A.
来源期刊EARTH SURFACE DYNAMICS
ISSN2196-6311
EISSN2196-632X
出版年2015
卷号3期号:3页码:389-408
英文摘要

Valleys with theater-shaped heads can form due to the seepage of groundwater and as a result of knickpoint (waterfall) erosion generated by overland flow. This ambiguity in the mechanism of formation hampers the interpretation of such valleys on Mars, particularly since there is limited knowledge of material properties. Moreover, the hydrological implications of a groundwater or surface water origin are important for our understanding of the evolution of surface features on Mars, and a quantification of valley morphologies at the landscape scale may provide diagnostic insights on the formative hydrological conditions. However, flow patterns and the resulting landscapes produced by different sources of groundwater are poorly understood. We aim to improve the understanding of the formation of entire valley landscapes through seepage processes from different groundwater sources that will provide a framework of landscape metrics for the interpretation of such systems. We study groundwater seepage from a distant source of groundwater and from infiltration of local precipitation in a series of sandbox experiments and combine our results with previous experiments and observations of the Martian surface. Key results are that groundwater flow piracy acts on valleys fed by a distant groundwater source and results in a sparsely dissected landscape of many small and a few large valleys. In contrast, valleys fed by a local groundwater source, i.e., nearby infiltration, result in a densely dissected landscape. In addition, valleys fed by a distant groundwater source grow towards that source, while valleys with a local source grow in a broad range of directions and have a strong tendency to bifurcate, particularly on flatter surfaces. We consider these results with respect to two Martian cases: Louros Valles shows properties of seepage by a local source of groundwater and Nirgal Vallis shows evidence of a distant source, which we interpret as groundwater flow from Tharsis.


类型Article
语种英语
国家Netherlands ; England ; Germany
收录类别SCI-E
WOS记录号WOS:000365625800006
WOS关键词SAPPING PROCESSES ; OUTFLOW CHANNELS ; SUBSURFACE FLOW ; VALLEY NETWORKS ; EROSION ; SEDIMENT ; DESERT ; MODEL ; WATER
WOS类目Geography, Physical ; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
WOS研究方向Physical Geography ; Geology
来源机构Arizona State University
资源类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/186707
作者单位1.Univ Utrecht, Fac Geosci, NL-3584 CS Utrecht, Netherlands;
2.Univ Hull, Dept Geog Environm & Earth Sci, Kingston Upon Hull HU6 7RX, N Humberside, England;
3.Deutsch Zentrum Luft & Raumfahrt DLR, Inst Planetenforsch, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
Marra, W. A.,McLelland, S. J.,Parsons, D. R.,et al. Groundwater seepage landscapes from distant and local sources in experiments and on Mars[J]. Arizona State University,2015,3(3):389-408.
APA Marra, W. A.,McLelland, S. J.,Parsons, D. R.,Murphy, B. J.,Hauber, E.,&Kleinhans, M. G..(2015).Groundwater seepage landscapes from distant and local sources in experiments and on Mars.EARTH SURFACE DYNAMICS,3(3),389-408.
MLA Marra, W. A.,et al."Groundwater seepage landscapes from distant and local sources in experiments and on Mars".EARTH SURFACE DYNAMICS 3.3(2015):389-408.
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