干旱区生态环境知识资源中心

For a sustainable management of grazing lands, is necessary to know the strategy of nature to sustain the grassland, in consequence, the management schemes must be based in programs related to an environmental characterization and adequate monitoring. With the aim to develop a tool to support the diagnosis of grasslands, we hereby propose the application of the Hydro-Environmental Availability Index (HEAI), with scale from 0 to 10. According to the application of HEAI in 36 localities of Sonora, Mexico, five of them (13.9 %) fluctuated from 0 to 2.5, in consequence, their grasslands are highly vulnerable to drought, with very low possibilities for management. Twenty (55.6 %) oscillated from 2.5 to 5, suggesting a management with severe restrictions. Eleven (30.5 %) fluctuated from 5 to 7.5, proposing a sustainable management with adequate rotations and preventions during a drought, and none of localities reached values for HEAI > 7.5, high potential for sustainable management, with appropriate rotations. It must be considered that the actions to prevent the effects of overgrazing, not always are enough to mitigate the overwhelming consequences of droughts, which are exacerbated by climate change.