Arid
DOI10.1371/journal.pone.0108736
Response of African Elephants (Loxodonta africana) to Seasonal Changes in Rainfall
Garstang, Michael1; Davis, Robert E.1; Leggett, Keith2; Frauenfeld, Oliver W.3; Greco, Steven4; Zipser, Edward5; Peterson, Michael5
通讯作者Garstang, Michael
来源期刊PLOS ONE
ISSN1932-6203
出版年2014
卷号9期号:10
英文摘要

The factors that trigger sudden, seasonal movements of elephants are uncertain. We hypothesized that savannah elephant movements at the end of the dry season may be a response to their detection of distant thunderstorms. Nine elephants carrying Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers were tracked over seven years in the extremely dry and rugged region of northwestern Namibia. The transition date from dry to wet season conditions was determined annually from surface- and satellite-derived rainfall. The distance, location, and timing of rain events relative to the elephants were determined using the Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM) satellite precipitation observations. Behavioral Change Point Analysis (BCPA) was applied to four of these seven years demonstrating a response in movement of these elephants to intra- and inter-seasonal occurrences of rainfall. Statistically significant changes in movement were found prior to or near the time of onset of the wet season and before the occurrence of wet episodes within the dry season, although the characteristics of the movement changes are not consistent between elephants and years. Elephants in overlapping ranges, but following separate tracks, exhibited statistically valid non-random near-simultaneous changes in movements when rainfall was occurring more than 100 km from their location. While the environmental trigger that causes these excursions remains uncertain, rain-system generated infrasound, which can travel such distances and be detected by elephants, is a possible trigger for such changes in movement.


类型Article
语种英语
国家USA ; Australia
收录类别SCI-E
WOS记录号WOS:000343941200022
WOS关键词DESERT-DWELLING ELEPHANTS ; HOANIB RIVER ; MOVEMENT ; DISTRIBUTIONS ; DYNAMICS
WOS类目Multidisciplinary Sciences
WOS研究方向Science & Technology - Other Topics
资源类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/184406
作者单位1.Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA;
2.Univ New S Wales, Sch Biol Earth & Environm Sci, Fowlers Gap Arid Zone Res Stn, Kensington, NSW 2033, Australia;
3.Texas A&M Univ, Dept Geog, College Stn, TX USA;
4.Simpson Weather Associates Inc, Charlottesville, VA USA;
5.Univ Utah, Dept Atmospher Sci, Salt Lake City, UT USA
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
Garstang, Michael,Davis, Robert E.,Leggett, Keith,et al. Response of African Elephants (Loxodonta africana) to Seasonal Changes in Rainfall[J],2014,9(10).
APA Garstang, Michael.,Davis, Robert E..,Leggett, Keith.,Frauenfeld, Oliver W..,Greco, Steven.,...&Peterson, Michael.(2014).Response of African Elephants (Loxodonta africana) to Seasonal Changes in Rainfall.PLOS ONE,9(10).
MLA Garstang, Michael,et al."Response of African Elephants (Loxodonta africana) to Seasonal Changes in Rainfall".PLOS ONE 9.10(2014).
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