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A Gram-stain-negative, short rod-shaped, non-motile, non-spore-forming bacterial strain, designated H7(T), was isolated from the Gobi desert, Xinjiang Province of China. The temperature, NaCl and pH ranges for growth were 8-40 degrees C (optimum 30 degrees C), 0-50% (w/v) NaCl and pH 6-10 (optimum pH 7), respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain H7(T) belonged to the genus Sphingobacterium and showed highest sequence similarity (91%) to Sphingobacterium composti DSM 18850. The genomic DNA G+C content was 44.3 molo/o. MK-7 was identified as the predominant respiratory quinone. Strain H7(T) contained C-16:1 omega 7C and/or C-16:1 omega 6C, iso-C-15:0 and iso-C-17:0 3-OH as major fatty acids. These data support the affiliation of strain H7(T) to the genus Sphingobacterium while phenotypic data indicated it is a representative strain of a novel species for which the name Sphingobacterium gobiense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is H7(T) (=ACCC 05757(T)= KCTC 32293(T)).