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A Gram-staining-negative, rod-shaped and pink bacterium was isolated from the soil of a Populus euphratica forest in the Taklamakan desert, Xinjiang, China. It was designated strain H9X(T). A 16S rRNA gene sequence homology search indicated that the isolate was most closely related to the family Cytophagaceae. The 16S rRNA gene of strain H9X(T) displayed 94.2-96.3% sequence identities to those of type strains of other species of the genus Pontibacter. It only possessed menaquinone-7. the major cellular fatty acids of the novel isolate were iso-C-15:0, C-16:1 omega 5c summed feature 3 (containing C-16:1 omega 6c and/or C-16:1 omega 7c) and summed feature 4 (comprising anteiso-C-17:1 B and/or iso-C-17:1 I). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, one unknown aminophospholipid, one unknown glycophospholipid and several unknown phospholipids. The DNA G+C content of this bacterium was 55.2 mol%. Based on the phenotypic and genotypic data presented, it can be concluded that this isolate represents a novel species of the genus Pontibacter, for which the name Pontibacter yuliensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is H9X(T) (=CCTCC AB 2013047(T)=KCTC 32396(T)).