Arid
DOI10.1111/brv.12049
Unravelling biodiversity, evolution and threats to conservation in the Sahara-Sahel
Brito, Jose C.1,2; Godinho, Raquel1; Martinez-Freiria, Fernando1; Pleguezuelos, Juan M.3; Rebelo, Hugo1,4; Santos, Xavier1; Vale, Candida G.1,2; Velo-Anton, Guillermo1; Boratynski, Zbyszek1,5; Carvalho, Silvia B.1; Ferreira, Sonia1,2; Goncalves, Duarte V.1,2; Silva, Teresa L.1,2; Tarroso, Pedro1; Campos, Joao C.1,2; Leite, Joao V.1; Nogueira, Joana1,2; Alvares, Francisco1; Sillero, Neftali6; Sow, Andack S.7; Fahd, Soumia7; Crochet, Pierre-Andre8; Carranza, Salvador9
通讯作者Brito, Jose C.
来源期刊BIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
ISSN1464-7931
EISSN1469-185X
出版年2014
卷号89期号:1页码:215-231
英文摘要

Deserts and arid regions are generally perceived as bare and rather homogeneous areas of low diversity. The Sahara is the largest warm desert in the world and together with the arid Sahel displays high topographical and climatic heterogeneity, and has experienced recent and strong climatic oscillations that have greatly shifted biodiversity distribution and community composition. The large size, remoteness and long-term political instability of the Sahara-Sahel, have limited knowledge on its biodiversity. However, over the last decade, there have been an increasing number of published scientific studies based on modern geomatic and molecular tools, and broad sampling of taxa of these regions. This review tracks trends in knowledge about biodiversity patterns, processes and threats across the Sahara-Sahel, and anticipates needs for biodiversity research and conservation. Recent studies are changing completely the perception of regional biodiversity patterns. Instead of relatively low species diversity with distribution covering most of the region, studies now suggest a high rate of endemism and larger number of species, with much narrower and fragmented ranges, frequently limited to micro-hotspots of biodiversity. Molecular-based studies are also unravelling cryptic diversity associated with mountains, which together with recent distribution atlases, allows identifying integrative biogeographic patterns in biodiversity distribution. Mapping of multivariate environmental variation (at 1kmx1km resolution) of the region illustrates main biogeographical features of the Sahara-Sahel and supports recently hypothesised dispersal corridors and refugia. Micro-scale water-features present mostly in mountains have been associated with local biodiversity hotspots. However, the distribution of available data on vertebrates highlights current knowledge gaps that still apply to a large proportion of the Sahara-Sahel. Current research is providing insights into key evolutionary and ecological processes, including causes and timing of radiation and divergence for multiple taxa, and associating the onset of the Sahara with diversification processes for low-mobility vertebrates. Examples of phylogeographic patterns are showing the importance of allopatric speciation in the Sahara-Sahel, and this review presents a synthetic overview of the most commonly hypothesised diversification mechanisms. Studies are also stressing that biodiversity is threatened by increasing human activities in the region, including overhunting and natural resources prospection, and in the future by predicted global warming. A representation of areas of conflict, landmines, and natural resources extraction illustrates how human activities and regional insecurity are hampering biodiversity research and conservation. Although there are still numerous knowledge gaps for the optimised conservation of biodiversity in the region, a set of research priorities is provided to identify the framework data needed to support regional conservation planning.


英文关键词Africa biodiversity climate change conservation deserts distribution diversification phylogeography Sahara Sahel
类型Article
语种英语
国家Portugal ; Spain ; England ; Finland ; Morocco ; France
收录类别SCI-E
WOS记录号WOS:000329357500012
WOS关键词MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA SEQUENCES ; JERBOAS DIPODIDAE JACULUS ; ACINONYX-JUBATUS SCHREBER ; HONEYBEES APIS-MELLIFERA ; WEST-AFRICA ; CLIMATE-CHANGE ; NORTH-AFRICA ; NUCLEAR-DNA ; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS ; MOROCCAN HERPETOFAUNA
WOS类目Biology
WOS研究方向Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
来源机构French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development
资源类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/181108
作者单位1.Univ Porto, Ctr Invest Biodiversidade & Recursos Genet, CIBIO InBIO, P-4485661 Vairao, Portugal;
2.Univ Porto, Fac Ciencias, Dept Biol, P-4169007 Oporto, Portugal;
3.Univ Granada, Dept Biol Anim, E-18071 Granada, Spain;
4.Univ Bristol, Sch Biol Sci, Bristol BS8 1UG, Avon, England;
5.Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, Ctr Excellence Evolutionary Res, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland;
6.Univ Porto Porto, CICGE, P-4169007 Porto Porto, Portugal;
7.Univ Abdelmalek Essaadi, Dept Biol, Tetouan 93002, Morocco;
8.Ctr Ecol Fonct & Evolut, EPHE UMR 5175, F-34293 Montpellier, France;
9.Univ Pompeu Fabra, CSIC, Inst Evolutionary Biol, E-08003 Barcelona, Spain
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
Brito, Jose C.,Godinho, Raquel,Martinez-Freiria, Fernando,et al. Unravelling biodiversity, evolution and threats to conservation in the Sahara-Sahel[J]. French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development,2014,89(1):215-231.
APA Brito, Jose C..,Godinho, Raquel.,Martinez-Freiria, Fernando.,Pleguezuelos, Juan M..,Rebelo, Hugo.,...&Carranza, Salvador.(2014).Unravelling biodiversity, evolution and threats to conservation in the Sahara-Sahel.BIOLOGICAL REVIEWS,89(1),215-231.
MLA Brito, Jose C.,et al."Unravelling biodiversity, evolution and threats to conservation in the Sahara-Sahel".BIOLOGICAL REVIEWS 89.1(2014):215-231.
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