Arid
DOI10.5194/acp-14-3751-2014
Aerosol’s optical and physical characteristics and direct radiative forcing during a shamal dust storm, a case study
Saeed, T. M.1; Al-Dashti, H.2; Spyrou, C.3
通讯作者Saeed, T. M.
来源期刊ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
ISSN1680-7316
EISSN1680-7324
出版年2014
卷号14期号:7页码:3751-3769
英文摘要

Dust aerosols are analyzed for their optical and physical properties during an episode of a dust storm that blew over Kuwait on 26 March 2003 when the military Operation Iraqi Freedom was in full swing. The intensity of the dust storm was such that it left a thick suspension of dust throughout the following day, 27 March. The synoptic sequence leading to the dust storm and the associated wind fields are discussed. Ground-based measurements of aerosol optical thickness reached 3.617 and 4.17 on 26 and 27 March respectively while the Angstrom coefficient, alpha(870/440), dropped to -0.0234 and -0.0318. Particulate matter concentration of 10 mu m diameter or less, PM10, peaked at 4800 mu g m(-3) during dust storm hours of 26 March. Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) retrieved aerosol optical depth (AOD) by Deep Blue algorithm and Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) aerosol index (AI) exhibited high values. Latitude-longitude maps of AOD and AI were used to deduce source regions of dust transport over Kuwait. The vertical profile of the dust layer was simulated using the SKIRON atmospheric model. Instantaneous net direct radiative forcing is calculated at top of atmosphere (TOA) and surface level. The thick dust layer of 26 March resulted in cooling the TOA by -60 Wm(-2) and surface level by -175 Wm(-2) for a surface albedo of 0.35. Slightly higher values were obtained for 27 March due to the increase in aerosol optical thickness. Radiative heating/cooling rates in the shortwave and longwave bands were also examined. Shortwave heating rate reached a maximum value of 2K day(-1) between 3 and 5 km, dropped to 1.5 K day(-1) at 6 km and diminished at 8 km. Longwave radiation initially heated the lower atmosphere by a maximum value of 0.2K day(-1) at surface level, declined sharply at increasing altitude and diminished at 4 km. Above 4 km long-wave radiation started to cool the atmosphere slightly reaching a maximum rate of -0.1 K day(-1) at 6 km.


类型Article
语种英语
国家Kuwait ; Greece
收录类别SCI-E
WOS记录号WOS:000334608400033
WOS关键词SAHARAN DUST ; DESERT DUST ; MINERAL DUST ; HEATING RATES ; ASIAN DUST ; TROPOSPHERIC AEROSOLS ; MIDDLE-EAST ; IMPACT ; PRODUCTS ; RETRIEVALS
WOS类目Environmental Sciences ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
WOS研究方向Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
资源类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/180901
作者单位1.Publ Author Appl Educ & Training, Coll Basic Educ, Dept Sci, Al Ardeya, Kuwait;
2.Directorate Gen Kuwait Civil Aviat, Dept Meteorol, Al Farwanya, Kuwait;
3.Univ Athens, Sch Phys, Athens, Greece
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
Saeed, T. M.,Al-Dashti, H.,Spyrou, C.. Aerosol’s optical and physical characteristics and direct radiative forcing during a shamal dust storm, a case study[J],2014,14(7):3751-3769.
APA Saeed, T. M.,Al-Dashti, H.,&Spyrou, C..(2014).Aerosol’s optical and physical characteristics and direct radiative forcing during a shamal dust storm, a case study.ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,14(7),3751-3769.
MLA Saeed, T. M.,et al."Aerosol’s optical and physical characteristics and direct radiative forcing during a shamal dust storm, a case study".ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 14.7(2014):3751-3769.
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