Arid
DOI10.5194/acp-13-303-2013
Optical properties of Saharan dust aerosol and contribution from the coarse mode as measured during the Fennec 2011 aircraft campaign
Ryder, C. L.1; Highwood, E. J.1; Rosenberg, P. D.2; Trembath, J.3; Brooke, J. K.2; Bart, M.2,3; Dean, A.; Crosier, J.4; Dorsey, J.4; Brindley, H.5; Banks, J.5; Marsham, J. H.6; McQuaid, J. B.2; Sodemann, H.7; Washington, R.8
通讯作者Ryder, C. L.
来源期刊ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
ISSN1680-7316
EISSN1680-7324
出版年2013
卷号13期号:1页码:303-325
英文摘要

New in-situ aircraft measurements of Saharan dust originating from Mali, Mauritania and Algeria taken during the Fennec 2011 aircraft campaign over a remote part of the Sahara Desert are presented. Size distributions extending to 300 mu m are shown, representing measurements extending further into the coarse mode than previously published for airborne Saharan dust. A significant coarse mode was present in the size distribution measurements with effective diameter (d(eff)) from 2.3 to 19.4 mu m and coarse mode volume median diameter (d(vc)) from 5.8 to 45.3 mu m. The mean size distribution had a larger relative proportion of coarse mode particles than previous aircraft measurements. The largest particles (with d(eff) > 12 mu m, or d(vc) > 25 mu m) were only encountered within 1 km of the ground. Number concentration, mass loading and extinction coefficient showed inverse relationships to dust age since uplift. Dust particle size showed a weak exponential relationship to dust age. Two cases of freshly uplifted dust showed quite different characteristics of size distribution and number concentration.


Single Scattering Albed (SSA) values at 550 nm calculated from the measured size distributions revealed high absorption ranging from 0.70 to 0.97 depending on the refractive index. SSA was found to be strongly related to d(eff). New instrumentation revealed that direct measurements, behind Rosemount inlets, overestimate SSA by up to 0.11 when d(eff) is greater than 2 mu m. This is caused by aircraft inlet inefficiencies and sampling losses. Previous measurements of SSA from aircraft measurements may also have been overestimates for this reason. Radiative transfer calculations indicate that the range of SSAs during Fennec 2011 can lead to underestimates in shortwave atmospheric heating rates by 2.0 to 3.0 times if the coarse mode is neglected. This will have an impact on Saharan atmospheric dynamics and circulation, which should be taken into account by numerical weather prediction and climate models.


类型Article
语种英语
国家England ; Switzerland
收录类别SCI-E
WOS记录号WOS:000313513700019
WOS关键词FILTER-BASED MEASUREMENTS ; VISIBLE-LIGHT ABSORPTION ; MINERAL DUST ; SIZE DISTRIBUTION ; RADIATIVE PROPERTIES ; REFRACTIVE-INDEX ; NORTH-AFRICA ; CHEMICAL-PROPERTIES ; PARTICLE COUNTERS ; BOUNDARY-LAYER
WOS类目Environmental Sciences ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
WOS研究方向Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
来源机构University of Oxford
资源类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/175969
作者单位1.Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Reading RG6 6BB, Berks, England;
2.Univ Leeds, Sch Earth & Environm, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England;
3.Facil Airborne Atmospher Measurements, Cranfield, Beds, England;
4.Univ Manchester, Sch Earth Atmospher & Environm Sci, Manchester, Lancs, England;
5.Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Phys, London, England;
6.Univ Leeds, Natl Ctr Atmospher, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England;
7.Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Atmospher & Climate Sci, Zurich, Switzerland;
8.Univ Oxford, Dept Geog, Oxford, England
推荐引用方式
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Ryder, C. L.,Highwood, E. J.,Rosenberg, P. D.,et al. Optical properties of Saharan dust aerosol and contribution from the coarse mode as measured during the Fennec 2011 aircraft campaign[J]. University of Oxford,2013,13(1):303-325.
APA Ryder, C. L..,Highwood, E. J..,Rosenberg, P. D..,Trembath, J..,Brooke, J. K..,...&Washington, R..(2013).Optical properties of Saharan dust aerosol and contribution from the coarse mode as measured during the Fennec 2011 aircraft campaign.ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,13(1),303-325.
MLA Ryder, C. L.,et al."Optical properties of Saharan dust aerosol and contribution from the coarse mode as measured during the Fennec 2011 aircraft campaign".ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 13.1(2013):303-325.
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