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The quality of a coastal aquifer (Korba, Tunisia) in a semi-arid agricultural region was studied by the collection and analysis of groundwater samples for their main chemical and biological parameters in relation to the SEQ evaluation system for groundwater quality. Results indicate important anthropogenic deterioration. Most of the samples were unsuitable for drinking-water production; animal drinking and irrigation with these waters will require caution. The high contamination is mainly due to the local intensive agriculture. Based on the objectives-oriented project planning method, regulatory and socio-economic instruments were extensively developed to encourage sustainable agriculture through a participatory exercise.