Arid
DOI10.1029/2011JD016654
Chemical composition of the snowpack during the OASIS spring campaign 2009 at Barrow, Alaska
Jacobi, H. W.1; Voisin, D.1; Jaffrezo, J. L.1; Cozic, J.1; Douglas, T. A.2
通讯作者Jacobi, H. W.
来源期刊JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
ISSN2169-897X
EISSN2169-8996
出版年2012
卷号117
英文摘要

The chemical composition of the seasonal snowpack was determined close to Barrow, an Arctic coastal location in northern Alaska. One hundred and twelve samples of different snow types including fresh snow, surface hoar, diamond dust, blowing snow, rounded snow grains, and depth hoar were collected and analyzed for major sea salt components, bromide, and nitrate. Sodium, chloride, sulfate, and potassium are mainly introduced into the snowpack by the deposition of sea salt, while magnesium and calcium result from a combination of sea salt and dust. Sulfate was strongly depleted in most samples compared to other sea salt components. This is attributed to the precipitation of mirabilite in newly formed sea ice and frost flowers that leads to an efficient fractionation of sulfate. Uptake of volatile but soluble species from the gas phase also contributed to the observed chloride, sulfate, and nitrate in the snow. However, for chloride and sulfate the input from the marine sources was overwhelming and the uptake from the gas phase was only visible in the samples with low concentrations like fresh snow, diamond dust, and surface hoar. Nitrate concentrations in the snowpack were less variable and for aged snow nitrate was related to the specific surface area of the snow indicating the adsorption of nitric acid can be an important nitrate source in the aged snow. Bromide was also introduced into the snowpack from marine sources, but due to its high reactivity it was partly transferred back to the atmosphere in the form of reactive species. The result of these processes was evident in bromide concentrations, which were both enriched and depleted at the snowpack surface while deeper layers were mostly depleted. Blowing snow also exhibited a depleted bromide composition. For all compounds except nitrate, many depth hoar samples exhibited the greatest concentrations, probably as a result of higher input earlier in the season as well as increases due to the sublimation of water during the metamorphism of the snow.


类型Article
语种英语
国家France ; USA
收录类别SCI-E
WOS记录号WOS:000301670900006
WOS关键词SEA-SALT AEROSOL ; FROST FLOWERS ; ARCTIC HAZE ; CHEMISTRY ; MERCURY ; ICE ; DEPOSITION ; TRANSPORT ; HALOGENS ; TRENDS
WOS类目Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
WOS研究方向Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
资源类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/173585
作者单位1.Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, Lab Glaciol & Geophys Environm, UMR 5183, Grenoble, France;
2.USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ft Wainwright, AK 99703 USA
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
Jacobi, H. W.,Voisin, D.,Jaffrezo, J. L.,et al. Chemical composition of the snowpack during the OASIS spring campaign 2009 at Barrow, Alaska[J],2012,117.
APA Jacobi, H. W.,Voisin, D.,Jaffrezo, J. L.,Cozic, J.,&Douglas, T. A..(2012).Chemical composition of the snowpack during the OASIS spring campaign 2009 at Barrow, Alaska.JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES,117.
MLA Jacobi, H. W.,et al."Chemical composition of the snowpack during the OASIS spring campaign 2009 at Barrow, Alaska".JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES 117(2012).
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