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Changes in diestrous female blood plasma progesterone, estradiol, and cortisol in response to odors of urine and midventral gland secretion (MVGS) of conspecific males during different seasons have been studied in the desert hamster ( and Djungarian hamster (). In desert hamster females, a statistically significant ( a parts per thousand currency sign 0.05) increase in the plasma hormonal level was observed: for progesterone in response to conspecific male MGVS in all seasons except winter, and to conspecific male urine in spring and summer; for cortisol in response to male MVGS and urine in all seasons except spring; and for estradiol in response to male MGVS in autumn. Djungarian hamster females demonstrated a statistically significant increase in the plasma progesterone level in response to conspecific male MVGS and urine in winter and summer, and no response to the estradiol and cortisol level for both odors in all seasons. The results showed important differences in the physiological response to odors of conspecific males between females of two species of dwarf hamsters.