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The Odonata fauna of the Seybouse river catchment in Algeria as part of the Maghrebian biodiversity.-An odonatological survey of the wadi Seybouse watershed, Northeastern Algeria, was carried out over a period of two years. Thirty five species were recorded in this previously uncharted region, including Calopteryx exul and Trithemis kirbyi. The former species, a Maghrebian endemic, has been rediscovered in Algeria after more than a century of apparent absence and the species, classified as "Endangered" in the IUCN Mediterranean Red List, is represented in Algeria by only the Seybouse population. An efficient conservation plan is needed to prevent the extinction of this emblematic species. T kirbyi, a desert species, has considerably extended its range northward. Anthropogenic impacts were noted for the majority of sampled stations and this pressure does not bode well for the conservation of the biodiversity of wadi Seybouse. The distribution and status of each recorded species were also discussed.