Arid
DOI10.1086/659426
Early Evidence (ca. 12,000 BP) for Iron Oxide Mining on the Pacific Coast of South America
Salazar, Diego1; Jackson, D.1; Guendon, J. L.2; Salinas, H.1; Morata, D.3; Figueroa, V.4; Manriquez, G.1; Castro, V.1
通讯作者Salazar, Diego
来源期刊CURRENT ANTHROPOLOGY
ISSN0011-3204
出版年2011
卷号52期号:3页码:463-475
英文摘要

Iron oxides have been used extensively in the Americas from the Paleoindian period up to the ethnographic present. But, because archaeological mining sites are extremely rare in this continent, we still know very little about how indigenous groups exploited and processed these minerals. Here we report finds from the San Ramon 15 site, located on the arid coast of northern Chile, where our research revealed a prehistoric mine with associated tailings and mining debris that was exploited by hunter-gatherer-fisher groups. The mine was first exploited during the Pleistocene-Holocene transition (ca. 12,000-10,500 calibrated years before present [cal yr BP]) and then again during the Late Archaic (ca. 4300 cal yr BP), representing the earliest known mining activity in the Americas. This discovery has important implications, including (1) the record of undisputed mining activity in the continent is extended by several millennia, showing the first insights into Early Archaic mining techniques and technologies; (2) the earliest inhabitants of the Pacific Coast of South America had a well-developed mining knowledge, that is, they were hunter-gatherer-fisher-miner communities; and (3) mobility patterns of early nomadic maritime adaptations in northern Chile were influenced by repeated access to iron oxide pigments used mainly for symbolic purposes.


类型Article
语种英语
国家Chile ; France
收录类别SSCI ; AHCI
WOS记录号WOS:000291565200012
WOS关键词MIDDLE PLEISTOCENE ; CHILEAN ALTIPLANO ; RED OCHRE ; PERU ; PIGMENT ; AFRICA ; DESERT ; COLOR ; SITE
WOS类目Anthropology
WOS研究方向Anthropology
资源类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/167693
作者单位1.Univ Chile, Dept Antropol, Santiago, Chile;
2.Univ Aix Marseille 1, CNRS, Unite Mixte Rech 6636, F-13094 Aix En Provence 2, France;
3.Univ Chile, Dept Geol, Fac Ciencias Fis & Matemat, Santiago, Chile;
4.Univ Paris 01, Unite Mixte Rech 8096, F-75006 Paris, France
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
Salazar, Diego,Jackson, D.,Guendon, J. L.,et al. Early Evidence (ca. 12,000 BP) for Iron Oxide Mining on the Pacific Coast of South America[J],2011,52(3):463-475.
APA Salazar, Diego.,Jackson, D..,Guendon, J. L..,Salinas, H..,Morata, D..,...&Castro, V..(2011).Early Evidence (ca. 12,000 BP) for Iron Oxide Mining on the Pacific Coast of South America.CURRENT ANTHROPOLOGY,52(3),463-475.
MLA Salazar, Diego,et al."Early Evidence (ca. 12,000 BP) for Iron Oxide Mining on the Pacific Coast of South America".CURRENT ANTHROPOLOGY 52.3(2011):463-475.
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