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This paper clarifies the status of the two species of Phrynocephalus in Kuwait, P. arabicus (Anderson, 1894) and P. maculatus (Anderson, 1872), about which there appears to have been substantial confusion in the past. Both species are now known to occur in this country, with P. arabicus being widespread and locally common in sandy desert areas, but P. maculatus apparently restricted to sabkha and other coastal habitats (including islands). These findings correspond with the known habitat preferences of both species from other parts of the eastern Arabian Peninsula.