Arid
DOI10.1016/j.toxicon.2010.02.028
Evolutionary trends in venom composition in the Western Rattlesnakes (Crotalus viridis sensu lato): Toxicity vs. tenderizers
Mackessy, Stephen P.
通讯作者Mackessy, Stephen P.
来源期刊TOXICON
ISSN0041-0101
出版年2010
卷号55期号:8页码:1463-1474
英文摘要

The Western Rattlesnake (Crotalus viridis sensu lato, now including Crotalus oreganus) is broadly distributed across the western half of the United States, northwestern Mexico and southwestern Canada, and eight subspecies are currently recognized. Although some venom characteristics have been noted for most subspecies, a systematic study of venoms from all subspecies has not been reported. Venom was extracted from snakes collected from approximate geographic range centers for all subspecies and analyzed using SDS-PAGE, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, enzyme and toxicity assays. Electrophoretic and mass spectrometric analyses demonstrated that small myotoxins, disintegrins and PLA(2) were abundant in most venoms. PIII and PI metalloproteinases (similar to 54 kDa and 23 kDa, respectively) were common to all venoms except C.o. concolor, C.o. caliginis and Co. helleri. Metalloproteinase activity was highest in C.o. cerberus and lowest in C.o. concolor venoms (100-fold difference). Conversely, C.o. concolor venom was the most toxic and C.o. cerberus venom was least toxic (15-fold difference). In general, venoms with high metalloproteinase activity were less toxic (type I venoms), while venoms which were highly toxic showed low protease activity (type II venoms). Within the C viridis/oreganus complex, these two extremes of venom compositional phenotypes are observed, and it appears that high metalloproteinase activity and high toxicity are incompatible qualities of these venoms. The functional significance of these biochemical characteristics likely relates to characteristics of prey consumed, and venoms with low metalloproteinase activity may constrain snake prey selection or foraging activity patterns. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.


英文关键词Biological roles Kallikrein-like L-Amino acid oxidase Mass spectrometry Metalloproteinase Phospholipase A(2) Phosphodiesterase Serine protease SOS-PAGE Thrombin-like Toxin
类型Article
语种英语
国家USA
收录类别SCI-E
WOS记录号WOS:000278674400006
WOS关键词SISTRURUS-CATENATUS-EDWARDSII ; SNAKE-VENOM ; BIOLOGICAL-PROPERTIES ; PACIFIC RATTLESNAKE ; DESERT MASSASAUGA ; 3-FINGER TOXIN ; ATROX VENOM ; OREGANUS ; PREY ; DIET
WOS类目Pharmacology & Pharmacy ; Toxicology
WOS研究方向Pharmacology & Pharmacy ; Toxicology
资源类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/166549
作者单位(1)Univ No Colorado, Sch Biol Sci, Greeley, CO 80639 USA
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GB/T 7714
Mackessy, Stephen P.. Evolutionary trends in venom composition in the Western Rattlesnakes (Crotalus viridis sensu lato): Toxicity vs. tenderizers[J],2010,55(8):1463-1474.
APA Mackessy, Stephen P..(2010).Evolutionary trends in venom composition in the Western Rattlesnakes (Crotalus viridis sensu lato): Toxicity vs. tenderizers.TOXICON,55(8),1463-1474.
MLA Mackessy, Stephen P.."Evolutionary trends in venom composition in the Western Rattlesnakes (Crotalus viridis sensu lato): Toxicity vs. tenderizers".TOXICON 55.8(2010):1463-1474.
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