Arid
DOI10.1016/j.palaeo.2010.03.022
Pleistocene environments and human presence in the middle Atbara valley (Khashm El Girba, Eastern Sudan)
Abbate, Ernesto1; Albianelli, Andrea1; Awad, Amel2; Billi, Paolo3; Bruni, Piero1; Delfino, Massimo1; Ferretti, Marco P.1; Filippi, Omar4; Gallai, Gianni1; Ghinassi, Massimiliano5; Lauritzen, Stein-Erik6; Lo Vetro, Domenico4; Martinez-Navarro, Bienvenido7; Martini, Fabio4; Napoleone, Giovanni1; Bedri, Omar8; Papini, Mauro1; Rook, Lorenzo1; Sagri, Mario1
通讯作者Abbate, Ernesto
来源期刊PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
ISSN0031-0182
出版年2010
卷号292期号:1-2页码:12-34
英文摘要

A 50 m thick Pleistocene fluvial succession is extensively exposed in the kanb (badlands) area along the Atbara river from Khashm El Girba to Haifa Al Jadida Through a widespread major unconformay this succession has been subdivided into the Butana Bridge Synthem (BBS) and Khashm El Girba Synthem (KGS). In the latter minor unconformities mark the boundaries between KGS1. KGS2 and KGS3 subsynthems The BBS is 10 m thick, starts with braided stream gravel and terminates with high-sinuosity river sand An intermediate silty interval with a well-developed calcrete marks a period of reduced clastic input and morphological stability The BBS yielded vertebrate remains and many Acheulean artefacts and was deposited from the late Early Pleistocene to the early Middle Pleistocene After a gap of some hundred thousand years the sedimentary record continues with 40 m thick KGS fluvial deposits. They are quite diversified and include sands from meandering rivers (KGS1) abruptly interrupted by braided river deposits that evolve to sinuous river sands (KGS2), and, finally, from braided river pebbly sands to sheet flows (KGS3) The KGS yielded abundant vertebrate remains and late Acheulean to Middle Stone Age artefacts. Mollusc patch reefs with stromatolitic coatings at the base of the KGS2 and KGS3 gave U/Th ages of 126.1 kyr +/- 10 kyr and 922 kyr +/- 0 7 kyr, respectively These datings, together with fossil assemblages, and artefacts indicate a late Middle Pleistocene to Late Pleistocene age for the KGS The entire succession makes a northward (Goz Regeb area) transition Into fluvio-lacustrine deposits related to the "Atbara palaeolake" Through palaeohydrological analyses bankfull discharges have been estimated in some KGS1 and KGS2 fluvial channels. They resulted Into one order of magnitude less than the present-day Atbara river. The variations in fluvial style and discharge were connected with climatic changes, river network modifications induced by tectonics, and palaeolake Atbara level variations Due to defined time constrains, the climate changes recorded in the KGS are matched with the Pleistocene Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) The KGS1 meandering rivers can be referred to the MIS 7 wet period, and the episodes of increasing rainfall in KGS2 and KGS3 to the Eemian MIS 5.5 and MIS 5.3 followed by arid conditions (MIS 4?). Despite fossils and facies indicate environmental changes from and savannah during the BBS to grassland with water pools during the KGS, the Atbara valley was always favourable to human settlement Our study allowed to reconstruct, although discontinuously, the environments and the occurrence of human presence from the late Early Pleistocene to the Holocene. During this period hominins on their way from East Africa to Eurasia found abundant faunas and more or less perennial streams in the Atbara valley (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved


英文关键词Pleistocene fluvial system Acheulean artefacts Pleistocene mammals Hominin dispersal U-Th datings Eastern Sudan
类型Article
语种英语
国家Italy ; Sudan ; Norway ; Spain
收录类别SCI-E
WOS记录号WOS:000279489200002
WOS关键词CHANNEL-GEOMETRY METHOD ; MODERN HUMAN-BEHAVIOR ; GRAVEL-BED RIVERS ; SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY ; FACIES ARCHITECTURE ; DANAKIL DEPRESSION ; BUFFALO PELOROVIS ; BOULDER DEPOSITS ; AFRICAN CLIMATE ; DANDIERO BASIN
WOS类目Geography, Physical ; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary ; Paleontology
WOS研究方向Physical Geography ; Geology ; Paleontology
资源类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/165884
作者单位1.Univ Florence, Dept Earth Sci, I-50121 Florence, Italy;
2.Sudan Minist Culture & Tourism, Natl Corp Antiqu & Museums, Khartoum 11115, Sudan;
3.Univ Ferrara, Dept Earth Sci, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy;
4.Univ Florence, Dept Antiqu Sci, I-50121 Florence, Italy;
5.Univ Padua, Dept Geosci, I-35137 Padua, Italy;
6.Univ Bergen, Dept Earth Sci, N-5007 Bergen, Norway;
7.Univ Rovira & Virgili, IPHES, ICREA, Tarragona 43005, Spain;
8.Univ Khartoum, Dept Geol, Khartoum 11115, Sudan
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
Abbate, Ernesto,Albianelli, Andrea,Awad, Amel,et al. Pleistocene environments and human presence in the middle Atbara valley (Khashm El Girba, Eastern Sudan)[J],2010,292(1-2):12-34.
APA Abbate, Ernesto.,Albianelli, Andrea.,Awad, Amel.,Billi, Paolo.,Bruni, Piero.,...&Sagri, Mario.(2010).Pleistocene environments and human presence in the middle Atbara valley (Khashm El Girba, Eastern Sudan).PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY,292(1-2),12-34.
MLA Abbate, Ernesto,et al."Pleistocene environments and human presence in the middle Atbara valley (Khashm El Girba, Eastern Sudan)".PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY 292.1-2(2010):12-34.
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