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A novel strain, designated 311-10(T), isolated from soil of Xinjiang, China, was characterized by using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. The isolate was Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped, non-motile, oxidase-negative and catalase-positive. The predominant menaquinone of strain 311-10(T) was MK-7 and the genomic DNA G + C content was 47.8 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S RNA gene sequences indicated that the isolate formed a cluster with the genera Pontibacter and [Effluviibacter] in the phylum ’Bacteroidetes’, with sequence similarities of 93.9-95.6%. Phylogenetic evidence and the results of phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic analyses support the reclassification of [Effluviibacter] roseus as Pontibacter roseus comb. nov. (type strain, SRC-1(T)=MTCC 7260(T)=DSM 17521(T)) and the establishment of a novel species, Pontibacter xinjiangensis sp. nov., with strain 311-10(T) (=CCTCC AB 207200(T) =NRRL B-51335(T)) as the type strain.