Arid
DOI10.1002/esp.1992
The topographic imprint of a transient climate episode: the western Andean flank between 15.5 degrees and 41.5 degrees S
Rehak, K.1,2; Bookhagen, B.3,4; Strecker, M. R.2; Echtler, H. P.2,5
通讯作者Rehak, K.
来源期刊EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS
ISSN0197-9337
EISSN1096-9837
出版年2010
卷号35期号:13页码:1516-1534
英文摘要

Mountain-range topography is determined by the complex interplay between tectonics and climate. However, often it is not clear to what extent climate forces topographic evolution and how past climatic episodes are reflected in present-day relief.


The Andes are a tectonically active mountain belt encompassing various climatic zones with pronounced differences in rainfall, erosion, and glacier extent under similar plate-boundary conditions. In the central to south-western Andes, climatic zones range from hyperarid desert with mean annual rainfall of 5 mm/a (22.5 degrees S) to year-round humidity with 2500 mm/a (40 degrees S). The Andes thus provide a unique setting for investigating the relationship between tectonics, climate, and topography.


We present an analysis of 120 catchments along the western Andean watersheds between 15-5 degrees and 41.5 degrees S, which is based on SRTMV3-90m data and new medium-resolution rainfall, tropical rainfall measurement mission (TRMM) dataset. For each basin, we extracted geometry, relief, and climate parameters to test whether Andean topography shows a climatic imprint and to analyze how climate influences relief.


Our data document that elevation and relief decrease with increasing rainfall and descending snowline elevation. Furthermore, we show that local relief reaches high values of 750 m in a zone between 28 degrees S to 35 degrees S. During Pleistocene glacial stages this region was affected by the northward shifting southern hemisphere Westerlies, which provided moisture for valley-glacier formation and extended glacial coverage as well as glacial erosion. In contrast, the southern regions between 35 degrees S to 40 degrees S receive higher rainfall and have a lower local relief of 200 m, probably related to an increased drainage density. We distinguish two different, climatically-controlled mechanisms shaping topography: (1) fluvial erosion by prolonged channel-hillslope coupling, which smoothes relief, and (2) erosion by valley glaciers that generates relief. Finally, Our results suggests that the catchment-scale relief of the Andes between 28 degrees S to 35 degrees S is characterized by a pronounced transient component reflecting past climatic conditions. Copyright (C) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


英文关键词drainage basins topography transient landscape climate erosion
类型Article
语种英语
国家Germany ; USA
收录类别SCI-E
WOS记录号WOS:000283570500002
WOS关键词SOUTHERN CENTRAL ANDES ; LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM ; SEA-LEVEL CHANGES ; OFQUI FAULT ZONE ; NORTHERN CHILE ; MOUNTAIN-RANGES ; ATACAMA DESERT ; RIVER INCISION ; FORE-ARC ; COASTAL DEFORMATION
WOS类目Geography, Physical ; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
WOS研究方向Physical Geography ; Geology
资源类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/163856
作者单位1.Helmholtz Assoc, Berlin, Germany;
2.Univ Potsdam, Inst Geowissensch, Potsdam, Germany;
3.Stanford Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA;
4.Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA;
5.GFZ Potsdam, Dept Geodasie & Fernerkundung, Potsdam, Germany
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
Rehak, K.,Bookhagen, B.,Strecker, M. R.,et al. The topographic imprint of a transient climate episode: the western Andean flank between 15.5 degrees and 41.5 degrees S[J],2010,35(13):1516-1534.
APA Rehak, K.,Bookhagen, B.,Strecker, M. R.,&Echtler, H. P..(2010).The topographic imprint of a transient climate episode: the western Andean flank between 15.5 degrees and 41.5 degrees S.EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS,35(13),1516-1534.
MLA Rehak, K.,et al."The topographic imprint of a transient climate episode: the western Andean flank between 15.5 degrees and 41.5 degrees S".EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS 35.13(2010):1516-1534.
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