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The Solanaceae family from the inselbergs of semi-arid Bahia, Brazil. In this study we present a survey of the Solanaceae family from inselbergs in the semi-arid region of Bahia State. The plant collections and field observations were carried out in the following municipalities: Feira de Santana, lacu, Milagres, Itatim, Santa Teresinha, and Itaberaba, situated between 12 degrees 14’- 12 degrees 52’s and 39 degrees 03’-40 degrees 04’W, from April 2005 to March 2006. Solanaceae is represented by five genera and fourteen species: Brunfelsia uniflora (Pohl) D. Don, Capsicum parvifolium Sendtn., Capsicum sp., Cestrum obovatum Sendtn., Nicotiana glauca Graham, Schwenkia americana L., Solanum agrarium Sendtn., S. americanum Mill, S. depauperatum Dunal, S. gardneri Sendtn., S. megalonyx Sendtn., S. paniculatum L., S. stipulaceum Roem & Schult, and Solanum sp. The genus Solanum L is the most representative with eight species, corresponding to about 58% of the total Solanaceae species, followed by Capsicum with two species (14%) and Bruqfelsia, Cestrum, Nicotiana and Schwenkia with one specie each (7%).