Arid
DOI10.1175/2009BAMS2728.1
THE SAHARAN AIR LAYER AND THE FATE OF AFRICAN EASTERLY WAVES
Zipser, Edward J.1; Twohy, Cynthia H.2; Tsay, Si-Chee3; Thornhill, K. Lee4; Tanelli, Simone5; Ross, Robert6; Krishnamurti, T. N.6; Ji, Q.7; Jenkins, Gregory8; Ismail, Syed9; Hsu, N. Christina3; Hood, Robbie10; Heymsfield, Gerald M.3; Heymsfield, Andrew11; Halverson, Jeffrey12; Goodman, H. Michael10; Ferrare, Richard9; Dunion, Jason P.13; Douglas, Michael14; Cifelli, Robert15; Chen, Gao9; Browell, Edward V.9; Anderson, Bruce9
通讯作者Zipser, Edward J.
来源期刊BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
ISSN0003-0007
EISSN1520-0477
出版年2009
卷号90期号:8页码:1137-1156
英文摘要

In 2006, NASA led a field campaign to investigate the factors that control the fate of African easterly waves (AEWs) moving westward into the tropical Atlantic Ocean. Aircraft and surface-based equipment were based on Cape Verde’s islands, helping to fill some of the data void between Africa and the Caribbean. Taking advantage of the international African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis (AMMA) program over the continent, the NASA-AMMA (NAMMA) program used enhanced upstream data, whereas NOAA aircraft farther west in the Atlantic studied several of the storms downstream. Seven AEWs were studied during AMMA, with at least two becoming tropical cyclones. Some of the waves that did not develop while being sampled near Cape Verde likely intensified in the central Atlantic instead. NAMMA observations were able to distinguish between the large-scale wave structure and the smaller-scale vorticity maxima that often form within the waves. A special complication of the east Atlantic environment is the Saharan air layer (SAL), which frequently accompanies the AEWs and may introduce dry air and heavy aerosol loading into the convective storm systems in the AEWs. One of the main achievements of NAMMA was the acquisition of a database of remote sensing and in situ observations of the properties of the SAL, enabling dynamic models and satellite retrieval algorithms to be evaluated against high-quality real data. Ongoing research with this database will help determine how the SAL influences cloud micro-physics and perhaps also tropical cyclogenesis, as well as the more general question of recognizing the properties of small-scale vorticity maxima within tropical waves that are more likely to become tropical cyclones.


类型Article
语种英语
国家USA
收录类别SCI-E
WOS记录号WOS:000270269100008
WOS关键词COUNTERFLOW VIRTUAL IMPACTOR ; TROPICAL CYCLONE ACTIVITY ; DUST EXPERIMENT SHADE ; RADIATIVE PROPERTIES ; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES ; C-130 AIRCRAFT ; DESERT DUST ; PHASE-III ; ATLANTIC ; DISTURBANCES
WOS类目Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
WOS研究方向Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
资源类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/160094
作者单位1.Univ Utah, Dept Meteorol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA;
2.Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA;
3.NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA;
4.Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD USA;
5.CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA;
6.Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA;
7.Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA;
8.Howard Univ, Washington, DC 20059 USA;
9.NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA;
10.NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA;
11.Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA;
12.Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA;
13.NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Hurricane Res Div, Miami, FL 33149 USA;
14.NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA;
15.Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA
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Zipser, Edward J.,Twohy, Cynthia H.,Tsay, Si-Chee,et al. THE SAHARAN AIR LAYER AND THE FATE OF AFRICAN EASTERLY WAVES[J],2009,90(8):1137-1156.
APA Zipser, Edward J..,Twohy, Cynthia H..,Tsay, Si-Chee.,Thornhill, K. Lee.,Tanelli, Simone.,...&Anderson, Bruce.(2009).THE SAHARAN AIR LAYER AND THE FATE OF AFRICAN EASTERLY WAVES.BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY,90(8),1137-1156.
MLA Zipser, Edward J.,et al."THE SAHARAN AIR LAYER AND THE FATE OF AFRICAN EASTERLY WAVES".BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY 90.8(2009):1137-1156.
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