Arid
DOI10.1016/j.still.2008.01.008
Determination of pre-compression stress of a variously grazed steppe soil under static and cyclic loading
Kruemmelbein, J.1; Peth, S.2; Horn, R.2
通讯作者Kruemmelbein, J.
来源期刊SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH
ISSN0167-1987
出版年2008
卷号99期号:2页码:139-148
英文摘要

In many land use systems all over the world soil deformation is a major problem due to increasing land use intensity. On arable soils machine traffic is continuously intensified with respect to load and wheeling frequency leading to (sub-)soil compaction and deeper soil degradation concerning hydraulic or pneumatic functions. Altered soil functions, in particular reduced hydraulic conductivities and impeded aeration, may decrease crop growth and productivity as well as the filtering and buffering capacity of soils. Prevented gas exchange and longer lasting anoxia in soils due to the reduced pore continuity and pore functioning also affects global change processes. In order to evaluate potential risks for irreversible soil deformation, it is necessary to quantify their mechanical stability. A commonly applied method is the determination of the pre-compression stress, commonly under static loading conditions in oedometer tests. The determination of pre-compression stresses under static loading may not quite resemble the conditions encountered in the field where soils are loaded repeatedly with a sequence of short intermittent loading-unloading-reloading events. Such dynamic loading conditions are encountered, e.g. at multiple wheel passes or in grassland soils due to animal trampling. In this study we present a comparison of a standard (static loading) and a modified (cyclic/dynamic loading) oedometer test using data of a Calcic Chernozem from the Inner Mongolian steppe under various grazing intensities. Static loading lasted for 10 min per loading step, while the dynamic/cyclic loading was carried out by 30 s loading and following 30 s unloading (=1 cycle) for in total 20 cycles. Differences between statically and cyclically determined pre-compression stresses at an identical time of loading show lower values for the statically determined pre-compression stress values compared to those determined cyclically. Among the dynamically determined pre-compression stresses, the values decrease with increasing number of loading steps and loading time, respectively. This is particularly true for the ungrazed sites. Thus, it could also be proofed that increased grazing intensities lead to structure deformation and increased sensitivity to wind and water erosion followed by severe land degradation of grassland soils, particularly in semi-arid areas. Furthermore, hydraulic effects, e.g. positive pore water pressure due to intense shearing and kneading processes induced by grazing animals can enhance this structural deterioration.


Thus, dynamic or cyclic loading results in an intense soil deformation which also causes serious changes in ecological and soil physical properties like hydraulic conductivity or gas flux. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.


英文关键词grazing compaction pre-compression stress cyclic loading dynamic loading effective stress steppe soil
类型Article
语种英语
国家Germany
收录类别SCI-E
WOS记录号WOS:000257037800002
WOS关键词PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES ; SUBSOIL COMPACTION ; PRECOMPRESSION STRESS ; INNER-MONGOLIA ; TILLAGE SYSTEMS ; BULK-DENSITY ; CROP YIELD ; DESERTIFICATION ; BEHAVIOR ; PASTURE
WOS类目Soil Science
WOS研究方向Agriculture
资源类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/159197
作者单位1.Brandenburg Tech Univ Cottbus, Chair Soil Protect & Recultivat, D-03046 Cottbus, Germany;
2.Univ Kiel, Inst Plant Nutr & Soil Sci, D-24118 Kiel, Germany
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
Kruemmelbein, J.,Peth, S.,Horn, R.. Determination of pre-compression stress of a variously grazed steppe soil under static and cyclic loading[J],2008,99(2):139-148.
APA Kruemmelbein, J.,Peth, S.,&Horn, R..(2008).Determination of pre-compression stress of a variously grazed steppe soil under static and cyclic loading.SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH,99(2),139-148.
MLA Kruemmelbein, J.,et al."Determination of pre-compression stress of a variously grazed steppe soil under static and cyclic loading".SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH 99.2(2008):139-148.
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