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A pale-pink strain (CCUG 53370(T)) from water was investigated by a polyphasic taxonomic approach. The cells stained Gram-positive and were rod-shaped and non-spore-forming, Analyses using the 16S rRNA gene sequence of the isolate showed that the organism belongs to the genus Deinococcus, with the highest sequence similarities to the type strains of Deinococcus ficus (94.4 %), Deinococcus navajonensis (94.3 %) and Deinococcus mumbaiensis (94.3 %). Chemotaxonomic data revealed that CCUG 53370T contains exclusively menaquinone MK-8 as the respiratory quinone and a complex polar lipid profile consisting of different unidentified glycolipids and polar lipids, two unknown phospholipids and three unknown phosphoglycolipids. As in other deinococci, one of these phosphoglycolipids was predominant in the profile, and it was identified in Deinococcus radiodurans as 2’-O-(1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho)-3’-O-(x-galactosyl)-N-D-glyceroyl alkylamine. Predominant fatty acids were C(16:1)w7c, C(17:1)w8c and C(17:1)w9c. Biochemical and chemotaxonomic properties demonstrate that strain CCUG 53370(T) represents a novel species, for which the name Deinococcus aquatilis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CCUG 53370(T) (=CCM 7524(T)).