Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
DOI | 10.1080/10807030802387507 |
The Apache Longbow-Hellfire Missile Test at Yuma Proving Ground: Ecological Risk Assessment for Missile Firing | |
Jones, Daniel S.1; Efroymson, Rebecca A.1; Hargrove, William W.1; Suter, Glenn W., II2; Pater, Larry L.3 | |
通讯作者 | Efroymson, Rebecca A. |
来源期刊 | HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
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ISSN | 1080-7039 |
EISSN | 1549-7860 |
出版年 | 2008 |
卷号 | 14期号:5页码:898-918 |
英文摘要 | A multiple stressor risk assessment was conducted at Yuma Proving Ground, Arizona, as a demonstration of the Military Ecological Risk Assessment Framework. The focus was a testing program at Cibola Range, which involved an Apache Longbow helicopter firing Hellfire missiles at moving targets, that is, M60-A1 tanks. This article describes the ecological risk assessment for the missile launch and detonation. The primary stressor associated with this activity was sound. Other minor stressors included the detonation impact, shrapnel, and fire. Exposure to desert mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus crooki) was quantified using the Army sound contour program BNOISE2, as well as distances from the explosion to deer. Few effects data were available from related studies. Exposure-response models for the characterization of effects consisted of human "disturbance" and hearing damage thresholds in units of C-weighted decibels (sound exposure level) and a distance-based No-Observed-Adverse-Effects Level for moose and cannonfire. The risk characterization used a weight-of-evidence approach and concluded that risk to mule deer behavior from the missile firing was likely for a negligible number of deer, but that no risk to mule deer abundance and reproduction is expected. |
英文关键词 | ecological risk assessment impulsive sound blast noise missile mule deer Sonoran desert military |
类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | USA |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000261338000004 |
WOS关键词 | MILITARY |
WOS类目 | Biodiversity Conservation ; Environmental Sciences |
WOS研究方向 | Biodiversity & Conservation ; Environmental Sciences & Ecology |
资源类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/157603 |
作者单位 | 1.Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA; 2.US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA; 3.USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Champaign, IL 61824 USA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Jones, Daniel S.,Efroymson, Rebecca A.,Hargrove, William W.,et al. The Apache Longbow-Hellfire Missile Test at Yuma Proving Ground: Ecological Risk Assessment for Missile Firing[J],2008,14(5):898-918. |
APA | Jones, Daniel S.,Efroymson, Rebecca A.,Hargrove, William W.,Suter, Glenn W., II,&Pater, Larry L..(2008).The Apache Longbow-Hellfire Missile Test at Yuma Proving Ground: Ecological Risk Assessment for Missile Firing.HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT,14(5),898-918. |
MLA | Jones, Daniel S.,et al."The Apache Longbow-Hellfire Missile Test at Yuma Proving Ground: Ecological Risk Assessment for Missile Firing".HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT 14.5(2008):898-918. |
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