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The western Gangetic plain shows various geomorphic features such as floodplains, aeolian ridges, terminal fans, palaeochannels, alluvial piedmont plain, plains associated with rivers and interfluve plains. Soil-geomorphic studies of the Ganga-Yamuna Interfluve in the western Gangetic plain, India have enabled the identification of thirty-three soil-geomorphic units. These units are grouped into five morphostratigraphic sequence members viz. QGMS-I to V (Quaternary Geology Morphostratigraphic members). Polymineralic fine grained Luminescence dating bracket these morphostratigraphic members to ages <1.7, 1.8-3.6, 3.7-6.5, 6.6-9.6, >9.6 ka, respectively.

Using the satellite remote sensing, digital elevation model and nature of drainage pattern, seventeen faults (3-longitudinal and 14-transverse) are identified. The longitudinal faults show a southwest curvilinear trend, whereas the transverse faults are steeply dipping and nearly perpendicular to the longitudinal faults. Longitudinal faults are the expression of compression from southwest and the transverse faults are attributed to in an extensional regime. Activities along the transverse normal faults led to the deposition of the terminal fans on the downthrown blocks, on which thin channel deposits capped by soils can be observed.

Climate seems to have become wet and warm after 10 ka, leading to increase in discharge and incision by rivers and development of areally extensive soils, as compared to the adjoining eastern region marked by a wetter climate, where rivers started degrading just after the Last Glacial Maximum. Also, soils developed in two wet periods 1.7 to 3.6 and 6.5 to 9.6 ka, as compared to the rest of the Holocene, are characterized by increased illuviation.