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The Greek electricity generation system. mainly based on the use of local lignite and imported heavy-oil, is assumed responsible for more than 50% of the CO2, almost 80% of the SO2 and approximately 33% of the NOx emissions at national level. This fact, along with the considerable energy consumption increase during the last 25 years, results in serious difficulties on fulfilling the EU Directives concerning, the Large Combustion Plants and the reduction of the greenhouse gas emissions for Greece. On the other hand. renewable energy sources (RES) -like hydro, wind and solar energy- used extensively for electricity production throughout the world, are practically air-pollution free based on a life cycle assessment (LCA). In this context. the objective of the present work is to quantify the pollution caused from the Greek electricity generation system as is now and that avoided with the exploitation of RES. More precisely. the present work investigates the specific air pollution emission factors related with the electricity production from fossil fuels in Greece. estimates the air pollution avoided due to the exploitation of the available hydro and wind potential on annual basis since 1990 and the corresponding potential contribution of RES to significantly reducing the above mentioned pollutants. The results of the work indicate that the RES may, in the near future, contribute significantly to minimizing the environmental impacts of the electricity generation sector, including the emissions of CO2 and other various harmful oases. at rational investment cost.