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DOI10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.06.018
A case study of real-world tailpipe emissions for school buses using a 20% biodiesel blend
Mazzoleni, Claudio; Kuhns, Hampden D.; Moosm ller, Hans; Witt, Jay; Nussbaum, Nicholas J.; Chang, M.-C. Oliver; Parthasarathy, Gayathri; Nathagoundenpalayam, Suresh Kumar K.; Nikolich, George; Watson, John G.
通讯作者Mazzoleni, Claudio
来源期刊SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
ISSN0048-9697
出版年2007
卷号385期号:1-3页码:146-159
英文摘要

Numerous laboratory studies report carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon, and particulate matter emission reductions with a slight nitrogen oxides emission increase from engines operating with biodiesel and biodiesel blends as compared to using petroleum diesel. We conducted a field study on a fleet of school buses to evaluate the effects of biodiesel use on gaseous and particulate matter fuel-based emission factors under real-world conditions. The field experiment was carried out in two phases during winter 2004. In January (phase 1), emissions from approximately 200 school buses operating on petroleum diesel were measured. Immediately after the end of the first phase measurement period, the buses were switched to a 20% biodiesel blend. Emission factors were measured again in March 2004 (phase 11) and compared with the January emission factors. To measure gaseous emission factors we used a commercial gaseous remote sensor. Particulate matter emission factors were determined with a combination of the gaseous remote sensor, a Lidar (light detection and ranging), and transmissometer system developed at the Desert Research Institute of Reno, NV, U.S.A. Particulate matter emissions from school buses significantly increased (up to a factor of 1.8) after the switch from petroleum diesel to a 20% biodiesel blend. The fuel used during this campaign was provided by a local distributor and was independently analyzed at the end of the on-road experiment. The analysis found high concentrations of free glycerin and reduced flash points in the B 100 parent fuel. Both measures indicate improper separation and processing of the biodiesel product during production. The biodiesel fuels used in the school buses were not in compliance with the U.S.A. ASTM D6751 biodiesel standard that was finalized in December of 2001. The U.S.A. National Biodiesel Board has formed a voluntary National Biodiesel Accreditation Program for producers and marketers of biodiesel to ensure product quality and compliance with the ASTM standard. The results of our study underline the importance of the program since potential emission benefits from biodiesel may be reduced or even reversed without appropriate fuel quality control on real-world fuels. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.


英文关键词real-world emissions biodiesel particulate pollution vehicles diesel fuel standard aerosols biofuels
类型Article
语种英语
国家USA
收录类别SCI-E
WOS记录号WOS:000250355300015
WOS关键词ON-ROAD MEASUREMENT ; AUTOMOTIVE PARTICLE EMISSIONS ; PARTICULATE MATTER ; ULTRAVIOLET LIDAR ; DIESEL-ENGINE ; LAS-VEGAS ; VEHICLES ; TRANSMISSOMETER ; INSTRUMENT ; EXPOSURE
WOS类目Environmental Sciences
WOS研究方向Environmental Sciences & Ecology
来源机构Desert Research Institute
资源类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/155965
作者单位(1)Nevada Syst Higher Educ, Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV 89512 USA;(2)Community Planning Assoc SW Idaho, Meridian, ID 83642 USA
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
Mazzoleni, Claudio,Kuhns, Hampden D.,Moosm ller, Hans,et al. A case study of real-world tailpipe emissions for school buses using a 20% biodiesel blend[J]. Desert Research Institute,2007,385(1-3):146-159.
APA Mazzoleni, Claudio.,Kuhns, Hampden D..,Moosm ller, Hans.,Witt, Jay.,Nussbaum, Nicholas J..,...&Watson, John G..(2007).A case study of real-world tailpipe emissions for school buses using a 20% biodiesel blend.SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT,385(1-3),146-159.
MLA Mazzoleni, Claudio,et al."A case study of real-world tailpipe emissions for school buses using a 20% biodiesel blend".SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 385.1-3(2007):146-159.
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