Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
DOI | 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.06.018 |
A case study of real-world tailpipe emissions for school buses using a 20% biodiesel blend | |
Mazzoleni, Claudio; Kuhns, Hampden D.; Moosm ller, Hans; Witt, Jay; Nussbaum, Nicholas J.; Chang, M.-C. Oliver; Parthasarathy, Gayathri; Nathagoundenpalayam, Suresh Kumar K.; Nikolich, George; Watson, John G. | |
通讯作者 | Mazzoleni, Claudio |
来源期刊 | SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
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ISSN | 0048-9697 |
出版年 | 2007 |
卷号 | 385期号:1-3页码:146-159 |
英文摘要 | Numerous laboratory studies report carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon, and particulate matter emission reductions with a slight nitrogen oxides emission increase from engines operating with biodiesel and biodiesel blends as compared to using petroleum diesel. We conducted a field study on a fleet of school buses to evaluate the effects of biodiesel use on gaseous and particulate matter fuel-based emission factors under real-world conditions. The field experiment was carried out in two phases during winter 2004. In January (phase 1), emissions from approximately 200 school buses operating on petroleum diesel were measured. Immediately after the end of the first phase measurement period, the buses were switched to a 20% biodiesel blend. Emission factors were measured again in March 2004 (phase 11) and compared with the January emission factors. To measure gaseous emission factors we used a commercial gaseous remote sensor. Particulate matter emission factors were determined with a combination of the gaseous remote sensor, a Lidar (light detection and ranging), and transmissometer system developed at the Desert Research Institute of Reno, NV, U.S.A. Particulate matter emissions from school buses significantly increased (up to a factor of 1.8) after the switch from petroleum diesel to a 20% biodiesel blend. The fuel used during this campaign was provided by a local distributor and was independently analyzed at the end of the on-road experiment. The analysis found high concentrations of free glycerin and reduced flash points in the B 100 parent fuel. Both measures indicate improper separation and processing of the biodiesel product during production. The biodiesel fuels used in the school buses were not in compliance with the U.S.A. ASTM D6751 biodiesel standard that was finalized in December of 2001. The U.S.A. National Biodiesel Board has formed a voluntary National Biodiesel Accreditation Program for producers and marketers of biodiesel to ensure product quality and compliance with the ASTM standard. The results of our study underline the importance of the program since potential emission benefits from biodiesel may be reduced or even reversed without appropriate fuel quality control on real-world fuels. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
英文关键词 | real-world emissions biodiesel particulate pollution vehicles diesel fuel standard aerosols biofuels |
类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | USA |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000250355300015 |
WOS关键词 | ON-ROAD MEASUREMENT ; AUTOMOTIVE PARTICLE EMISSIONS ; PARTICULATE MATTER ; ULTRAVIOLET LIDAR ; DIESEL-ENGINE ; LAS-VEGAS ; VEHICLES ; TRANSMISSOMETER ; INSTRUMENT ; EXPOSURE |
WOS类目 | Environmental Sciences |
WOS研究方向 | Environmental Sciences & Ecology |
来源机构 | Desert Research Institute |
资源类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/155965 |
作者单位 | (1)Nevada Syst Higher Educ, Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV 89512 USA;(2)Community Planning Assoc SW Idaho, Meridian, ID 83642 USA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Mazzoleni, Claudio,Kuhns, Hampden D.,Moosm ller, Hans,et al. A case study of real-world tailpipe emissions for school buses using a 20% biodiesel blend[J]. Desert Research Institute,2007,385(1-3):146-159. |
APA | Mazzoleni, Claudio.,Kuhns, Hampden D..,Moosm ller, Hans.,Witt, Jay.,Nussbaum, Nicholas J..,...&Watson, John G..(2007).A case study of real-world tailpipe emissions for school buses using a 20% biodiesel blend.SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT,385(1-3),146-159. |
MLA | Mazzoleni, Claudio,et al."A case study of real-world tailpipe emissions for school buses using a 20% biodiesel blend".SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 385.1-3(2007):146-159. |
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