Arid
DOI10.1111/j.1365-2745.2007.01289.x
The rhythm of savanna patch dynamics
Meyer, Katrin M.; Wiegand, Kerstin; Ward, David; Moustakas, Aristides
通讯作者Meyer, Katrin M.
来源期刊JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
ISSN0022-0477
出版年2007
卷号95期号:6页码:1306-1315
英文摘要

1. Patch dynamics is a new, potentially unifying mechanism for the explanation of tree-grass coexistence in savannas. In this scale-explicit paradigm, savannas consist of patches in which a cyclical succession between woody and grassy dominance proceeds spatially asynchronously. The growing ecological and economic problem of shrub encroachment is a natural transient phase in this cycle.


2. An important step towards understanding patterns at the landscape scale is achieved by investigating mechanisms at a smaller scale. We developed the spatially explicit individual-based simulation model SATCHMO to test the null hypothesis that cyclical succession cannot emerge from a realistic patch scale simulation model of the population dynamics of savanna woody species.


3. We calculated the partial temporal autocorrelation coefficient for 100 simulated time series of shrub cover over 500 years for time lags of up to 200 years to establish the existence and duration of successional cycles. We found a significant positive autocorrelation indicating the existence of cycles with a typical duration of about 33 years.


4. The shrub size frequency distributions over the course of a cycle showed shifts from dominance of small shrub sizes towards larger sizes during the increasing phase of a cycle and the reverse in the declining phase. This supports the three phase explanation as follows: (i) an initial phase when spatially and temporally overlapping favourable conditions lead to mass recruitment of shrubs; (ii) a build-up phase when the shrub cohort grows; and (iii) a break-down phase when increased competition due to crowding and unfavourable conditions lead to the break-down of the shrub cohort. The frequency distribution of shrub age at death over 10 simulations was also in agreement with this explanation.


5. We investigated the relationship between shrub cover, annual precipitation and time-lagged shrub cover to identify the driver of the cyclical successions. More than 90% of the variation in shrub cover was explained by shrub cover of the previous year, precipitation, and their interaction.


6. With the demonstration of precipitation-driven cyclical succession at the patch scale, we show that the mechanistic, temporal component of patch dynamics can be used to explain tree-grass coexistence in semi-arid savannas.


英文关键词Acacia mellifera cyclical succession individual-based simulation model patch scale scale shrub encroachment size-frequency distributions temporal autocorrelation tree-grass coexistence
类型Article
语种英语
国家Germany ; South Africa
收录类别SCI-E
WOS记录号WOS:000250265700013
WOS关键词TREE-GRASS COEXISTENCE ; EAST-AFRICAN SAVANNA ; BUSH ENCROACHMENT ; WOODY VEGETATION ; ARID SAVANNA ; MECHANISMS ; BOTSWANA ; ECOLOGY ; PATTERN ; MODEL
WOS类目Plant Sciences ; Ecology
WOS研究方向Plant Sciences ; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
资源类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/154945
作者单位(1)Univ Jena, Inst Ecol, D-07743 Jena, Germany;(2)Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Biol & Conservat Sci, ZA-3209 Scottsville, South Africa
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GB/T 7714
Meyer, Katrin M.,Wiegand, Kerstin,Ward, David,et al. The rhythm of savanna patch dynamics[J],2007,95(6):1306-1315.
APA Meyer, Katrin M.,Wiegand, Kerstin,Ward, David,&Moustakas, Aristides.(2007).The rhythm of savanna patch dynamics.JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY,95(6),1306-1315.
MLA Meyer, Katrin M.,et al."The rhythm of savanna patch dynamics".JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY 95.6(2007):1306-1315.
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