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Phytoplasma-caused diseases have been identified in Israel in numerous species of various botanical families, primarily from crop plants. Northern Israel has the most diversity of phytoplasma groups followed by the northern Negev desert and Arava valley, with the center of the country having the least. There are proportionally more infected flowers than orchards (including vineyards) or than vegetable crops. Of the 15 known 16S rDNA phytoplasma groups, seven are represented in Israel. It is very likely that at least one group was imported into Israel from another area of the world.