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Dasymutilla arenivago Mickel (1928) and D. megalophthalma Mickel (1928) were thought to be female and male, respectively, of the same species since their description. Both inhabit the Colorado Desert regions of southern California and Mexico. Both are nocturnal or crepuscular in habit, and they are the only known such species of Dasymutilla for which the sex association is not already known. Synchronous collecting of both sexes at several different times and locations, along with an observed mating, have led to the conclusion that these represent female and male of the same species. A synonymy is included.