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1. Environmental Stress Models (ESMs) predict that abiotic disturbance or harshness will differentially affect predators and prey. Consumer Stress Models (CSMs) predict that consumers will be relatively more inhibited by disturbance than prey, and therefore predator impacts will be reduced. Conversely, Prey Stress Models (PSMs) predict that prey will be more adversely affected and consequently predator impacts will increase in disturbed habitats. This study compared the relative tolerances of lotic invertebrate predators and their prey to hydrological disturbance in an Australian coastal stream to test the initial predictions of ESMs.

2. Macroinvertebrates were sampled with a suction sampler at monthly intervals and immediately following four high flow events at five sites on the Cumberland River, in south-west Victoria, Australia. Various statistical procedures were used to compare the relative resistance and resilience of predatory and prey taxa to each high flow event.

3. The relative resistances of seven predator and nine prey taxa to four floods over a 12-month period were highly variable between floods and between runs within the same flood. Prey taxa appeared to be more resilient than predators to the largest flood event, but there were no differences in the resilience of predators and prey following smaller floods. If disturbance tolerance is determined by resistance and resilience, then there was no consistent pattern of differential tolerance to floods among invertebrate predators and prey in this system.

4. The variability in the relative tolerances of taxa to different disturbance events makes general predictions about the effects of disturbance on the community-wide impact of predation extremely difficult.