Arid
DOI10.1890/1051-0761(2001)011[1301:EPIAND]2.0.CO;2
Exotic plant invasion alters nitrogen dynamics in an arid grassland
Evans, RD; Rimer, R; Sperry, L; Belnap, J
通讯作者Evans, RD
来源期刊ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
ISSN1051-0761
出版年2001
卷号11期号:5页码:1301-1310
英文摘要

The introduction of normative plant species may decrease ecosystem stability by altering the availability of nitrogen (N) for plant growth. Invasive species can impact N availability by changing litter quantity and quality, rates of N-2-fixation, or rates of N loss. We quantified the effects of invasion by the annual grass Bromus tectorum on N cycling in an arid grassland on the Colorado Plateau (USA). The invasion occurred in 1994 in two community types in an undisturbed grassland. This natural experiment allowed us to measure the immediate responses following invasion without the confounding effects of previous disturbance. Litter biomass and the C:N and lignin:N ratios were measured to determine the effects on litter dynamics. Long-term soil incubations (415 d) were used to measure potential microbial respiration and net N mineralization. Plant-available N was quantified for two years in situ with ion-exchange resin bags, and potential changes in rates of gaseous N loss were estimated by measuring denitrification enzyme activity. Bromus invasion significantly increased litter biomass, and Bromus litter had significantly greater C:N and lignin:N ratios than did native species. The change in litter quantity and chemistry decreased potential rates of net N mineralization in sites with Bromus by decreasing nitrogen available for microbial activity. Inorganic N was 50% lower on Hilaria sites with Bromus during the spring of 1997, but no differences were observed during 1998. The contrasting differences between years are likely due to moisture availability; spring precipitation was 15% greater than average during 1997, but 52% below average during spring of 1998. Bromus may cause a short-term decrease in N loss by decreasing substrate availability and denitrification enzyme activity, but N loss is likely to be greater in invaded sites in the long term because of increased fire frequency and greater N volatilization during fire. We hypothesize that the introduction of Bromus in conjunction with land-use change has established a series of positive feedbacks that will decrease N availability and alter species composition.


英文关键词Bromus tectorum Canyonlands National Park, Utah, USA denitrification enzyme activity desert vegetation ecosystem carbon ecosystem nitrogen grasslands invasive species litter, changes in biomass and chemistry N mineralization plant-available N following plant invasion plant invasion, litter quality
类型Article
语种英语
国家USA
收录类别SCI-E
WOS记录号WOS:000171417700005
WOS关键词EXCHANGE RESIN BAGS ; CHEATGRASS BROMUS-TECTORUM ; CANYONLANDS-NATIONAL-PARK ; SOIL MICROBIAL BIOMASS ; SHRUB-STEPPE ECOSYSTEM ; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS ; N-MINERALIZATION ; SHORTGRASS STEPPE ; GLOBAL CHANGE ; DESERT SOILS
WOS类目Ecology ; Environmental Sciences
WOS研究方向Environmental Sciences & Ecology
来源机构United States Geological Survey
资源类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/140604
作者单位(1)Univ Arkansas, State Isotype Lab, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA;(2)US Geol Survey, Moab, UT 84532 USA
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GB/T 7714
Evans, RD,Rimer, R,Sperry, L,et al. Exotic plant invasion alters nitrogen dynamics in an arid grassland[J]. United States Geological Survey,2001,11(5):1301-1310.
APA Evans, RD,Rimer, R,Sperry, L,&Belnap, J.(2001).Exotic plant invasion alters nitrogen dynamics in an arid grassland.ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS,11(5),1301-1310.
MLA Evans, RD,et al."Exotic plant invasion alters nitrogen dynamics in an arid grassland".ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 11.5(2001):1301-1310.
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