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Ungulates can affect primary production, plant and animal species composition, nutrient cycling, and soil properties. We conducted a study at the Tennessee Valley Authority’s Land Between The Lakes to investigate the effects of introduced Elk (Cervus elaphus) and Bison (Bison bison) on small mammal fauna in a 324-ha enclosure. From June 1998 through May 1999, live traps were set for small mammals in open-canopy hardwood, closed-canopy hardwood, and pine sites both inside and outside the enclosure, for 7020 trap nights. Small mammals were captured significantly more often inside than outside the enclosure; habitat type was not a significant factor. Habitat management practices inside the ungulate enclosure, including burning, mowing, and fertilizing, may have contributed to the higher abundance of small mammals.