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Calcrete and gypsum crusts in Churu-Bikaner areas of the Thar desert, are presently found buried under a cover of aeolian sediments. Non-pedogenic and pedogenic calcrete types occur in various geomorphic locales like, channels, flood plains, pediments etc. Also, different non-pedogenic channel and lacustrine basin-fill gypsum crusts are noted. The occurrences of surface and near surface calcrete, gypsum crusts, their presence in representative sub-surface sequences of fluvio-aeolian sediments indicate climatic vicissitudes in the Late Quaternary from humid to arid and vice versa.