Arid
DOI10.1007/s100400050137
Chlorine-36 and the initial value problem
Davis, SN; Cecil, D; Zreda, M; Sharma, P
通讯作者Davis, SN
来源期刊HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL
ISSN1431-2174
出版年1998
卷号6期号:1页码:104-114
英文摘要

Chlorine-36 is a radionuclide with a half-life of 3.01 x 10(5)a. Most Cl-36 in the hydrosphere originates from cosmic radiation interacting with atmospheric gases. Large amounts were also produced by testing thermonuclear devices during 1952-58. Because the monovalent anion, chloride, is the most common form of chlorine found in the hydrosphere and because it is extremely mobile in aqueous systems, analyses of both total Cl- as well as 36Cl have been important in numerous hydrologic studies. In almost all applications of 36Cl, knowledge of the initial, or pre-anthropogenic, levels of Cl-36 is useful, as well as essential in some cases. Standard approaches to the determination of initial values have been to: (a) calculate the theoretical cosmogenic production and fallout, which varies according to latitude; (b) measure Cl-36 in present-day precipitation and assume that anthropogenic components can be neglected; (c) assume that shallow groundwater retains a record of the initial concentration; (d) extract Cl-36 from vertical depth profiles in desert soils; (e) recover Cl-36 from cores of glacial ice; and (f) calculate subsurface production of Cl-36 for water that has been isolated from the atmosphere for more than one million years. The initial value from soil profiles and ice cores is taken as the value that occurs directly below the depth of the easily defined bomb peak. All six methods have serious weaknesses. Complicating factors include Cl-36 concentrations not related to cosmogenic sources, changes in cosmogenic production with time, mixed sources of chloride in groundwater, melting and refreezing of water in glaciers, and seasonal groundwater recharge that does not contain average year-long concentrations of Cl-36.


英文关键词isotopes USA groundwater age
类型Article
语种英语
国家USA
收录类别SCI-E
WOS记录号WOS:000079765800010
WOS关键词COSMOGENIC HE-3 ; NORTH-AMERICA ; DESERT SOILS ; ICE CORE ; CL-36 ; MOVEMENT ; USA ; GROUNDWATER ; DEPOSITION ; SUBSURFACE
WOS类目Geosciences, Multidisciplinary ; Water Resources
WOS研究方向Geology ; Water Resources
来源机构University of Arizona ; United States Geological Survey
资源类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/135867
作者单位(1)Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA;(2)US Geol Survey, INEL, Div Water Resources, Idaho Falls, ID 83403 USA;(3)Purdue Univ, PRIME Lab, Pankaj Sharma Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
Davis, SN,Cecil, D,Zreda, M,et al. Chlorine-36 and the initial value problem[J]. University of Arizona, United States Geological Survey,1998,6(1):104-114.
APA Davis, SN,Cecil, D,Zreda, M,&Sharma, P.(1998).Chlorine-36 and the initial value problem.HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL,6(1),104-114.
MLA Davis, SN,et al."Chlorine-36 and the initial value problem".HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL 6.1(1998):104-114.
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