Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
DOI | 10.1007/s100400050137 |
Chlorine-36 and the initial value problem | |
Davis, SN; Cecil, D; Zreda, M; Sharma, P | |
通讯作者 | Davis, SN |
来源期刊 | HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL
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ISSN | 1431-2174 |
出版年 | 1998 |
卷号 | 6期号:1页码:104-114 |
英文摘要 | Chlorine-36 is a radionuclide with a half-life of 3.01 x 10(5)a. Most Cl-36 in the hydrosphere originates from cosmic radiation interacting with atmospheric gases. Large amounts were also produced by testing thermonuclear devices during 1952-58. Because the monovalent anion, chloride, is the most common form of chlorine found in the hydrosphere and because it is extremely mobile in aqueous systems, analyses of both total Cl- as well as 36Cl have been important in numerous hydrologic studies. In almost all applications of 36Cl, knowledge of the initial, or pre-anthropogenic, levels of Cl-36 is useful, as well as essential in some cases. Standard approaches to the determination of initial values have been to: (a) calculate the theoretical cosmogenic production and fallout, which varies according to latitude; (b) measure Cl-36 in present-day precipitation and assume that anthropogenic components can be neglected; (c) assume that shallow groundwater retains a record of the initial concentration; (d) extract Cl-36 from vertical depth profiles in desert soils; (e) recover Cl-36 from cores of glacial ice; and (f) calculate subsurface production of Cl-36 for water that has been isolated from the atmosphere for more than one million years. The initial value from soil profiles and ice cores is taken as the value that occurs directly below the depth of the easily defined bomb peak. All six methods have serious weaknesses. Complicating factors include Cl-36 concentrations not related to cosmogenic sources, changes in cosmogenic production with time, mixed sources of chloride in groundwater, melting and refreezing of water in glaciers, and seasonal groundwater recharge that does not contain average year-long concentrations of Cl-36. |
英文关键词 | isotopes USA groundwater age |
类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | USA |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000079765800010 |
WOS关键词 | COSMOGENIC HE-3 ; NORTH-AMERICA ; DESERT SOILS ; ICE CORE ; CL-36 ; MOVEMENT ; USA ; GROUNDWATER ; DEPOSITION ; SUBSURFACE |
WOS类目 | Geosciences, Multidisciplinary ; Water Resources |
WOS研究方向 | Geology ; Water Resources |
来源机构 | University of Arizona ; United States Geological Survey |
资源类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/135867 |
作者单位 | (1)Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA;(2)US Geol Survey, INEL, Div Water Resources, Idaho Falls, ID 83403 USA;(3)Purdue Univ, PRIME Lab, Pankaj Sharma Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Davis, SN,Cecil, D,Zreda, M,et al. Chlorine-36 and the initial value problem[J]. University of Arizona, United States Geological Survey,1998,6(1):104-114. |
APA | Davis, SN,Cecil, D,Zreda, M,&Sharma, P.(1998).Chlorine-36 and the initial value problem.HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL,6(1),104-114. |
MLA | Davis, SN,et al."Chlorine-36 and the initial value problem".HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL 6.1(1998):104-114. |
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