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Socio-demographic factors affect the distribution of rodents, viz., Rattus rattus and Mus musculus. In 38 selected villages of Jaipur district of Rajasthan, type of family (P <0.05), mode of animal-keeping (P <0.01) and income of family (P <0.01) played significant role in their distribution. The difference among type of houses was not statistically significant. The role of education of head of family was found to be inversely proportional. Income-wise, medium income groups had higher number of houses positive for rodents. Animal-keeping inside the human-dwellings adversely affected the rodent distribution.