干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 青藏铁路格拉段风沙危害及其防治

Arid

	青藏铁路格拉段风沙危害及其防治
其他题名	Sand damage and its control along the Golha Section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway
	张克存; 屈建军; 姚正毅; 韩庆杰; 牛清河
来源期刊	干旱区地理
ISSN	1000-6060
出版年	2014
卷号	37 期号:1 页码:74-80
中文摘要	青藏铁路地处高寒低压环境,地表风沙危害形成过程与干旱、半干旱沙漠和戈壁地区有较大差异。青藏铁路沿线多大风、风力强劲、风向相对单一,主导风向以西风为主;各站点年输沙势DP均高于400VU,属于高风能环境,合成输沙方向间于85.8°~89.8°;风旱同季,风水复合侵蚀和冻融作用时空交错,地表抗蚀能力差,从而加剧了铁路沿线风沙活动强度。通过对青藏铁路沿线风沙灾害特点、风动力环境、工程防沙措施及其防护机理等分析,提出了青藏铁路沿线风沙危害防治原则和防护体系:应逐步建立以阻沙栅栏、砾石方格、化学固沙、植被恢复相结合的综合防治体系。
英文摘要	The Qinghai-Tibet Railway, the longest high-altitude railway in the world, is frequently damaged by windblown sand because of strong winds and abundant sand. On the basis of meteorological data, in situ observations and wind tunnel experiments,this paper aims to clarify the characteristics of windblown sand,and to show the dynamical environment of sand activities. According to climate data, the windy period combines with an arid seasonal climate to increase the risk of blowing sand in this area. Wind-blown sand presents unidirectional characteristics and its prevailing direction is westerly. The annual drift potential along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway reaches more than 400 VU, which belongs to a high-energy wind environment. The resultant drift potential ranges from 85.8° to 89.8°, which indicates that westerly sand-laden wind prevails in this region. It rarely snows in winter and the earth’s surface is usually bare. Meanwhile,winter is also the windy season with the peak wind speed of 38 m/s. It can be easily found that the windy period always accompanies with a drought season. The dominant directions of sand transport are westerly in the observed period. Sand transport per unit width (cm) from a westerly direction is 55.7 kg in spring in the Cuonahu region, which indicates strong activity of wind-blown sand. The corrosion resistance on earth is very bad because of the multi-agents actions, such as water, wind and freeze-thaw roles. Sand-damage control along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway should adopt an integrated protection system, not a single sand-control measure. The results of the research have three implications for the design of future sand-control structures. Firstly,sand-control measures must be designed to decrease wind velocity sufficiently and protect natural vegetation along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway,so that abundant sands could be blocked away from the railway. Secondly,results show that sanddriving wind presents a unidirectional flow along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway,so sand control structures should be positioned on the upwind side of the railway to ensure that sand could be accumulated at a safe distance. Thirdly, future design of railway in sandy regions should more carefully consider the direction of sand-driving winds.
中文关键词	青藏铁路 ; 风沙危害 ; 防沙措施
英文关键词	the Qinghai-Tibet Railway sand damages sand-control measures
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	GEOSCIENCES MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Geology
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5067502
来源机构	中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/231102
作者单位	中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所敦煌戈壁荒漠生态与环境研究站, 中国科学院沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730000, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	张克存,屈建军,姚正毅,等. 青藏铁路格拉段风沙危害及其防治[J]. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,2014,37(1):74-80.
APA	张克存,屈建军,姚正毅,韩庆杰,&牛清河.(2014).青藏铁路格拉段风沙危害及其防治.干旱区地理,37(1),74-80.
MLA	张克存,et al."青藏铁路格拉段风沙危害及其防治".干旱区地理 37.1(2014):74-80.